Questões de Inglês - UEFS 2012 | Gabarito e resoluções

A team of scientists has shown that the glaciers in one of Asias major mountain ranges are defying the general tendency towards shrinkage, and have in fact expanded slightly over the last few years. The range in 5 question is the Karakoram, which straddles Pakistan, India and China on the north-western end of the Himalayas. Glacial decline and the gradual loss of polar ice caps has been a worrying trend over recent decades, 10 but scientists have been aware of an apparently curious anomaly with the Karakoram, which contains some of the worlds biggest mountains including the second highest, K2. It has about 20,000 square kilometers of glaciers, accounting for three percent of the total area of 15 ice outside the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Now a team of French scientists has carried out a detailed survey over a large area of the range using sophisticated remote-sensing measurements. Writing in the scientific journal, Nature, they say they found that in 20 the first years of this century the Karakorams glaciers had actually expanded by a small amount, while in the neighboring Himalayas theyd been shrinking. Its unclear why this is happening, but it seems that by a quirk in the weather pattern thats not fully understood, 25 less heat is being delivered to the Karakoram and the mountains are receiving heavier falls of snow. Thickening glaciers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 21 jul. 2012. According to the team of scientists mentioned in the text, Karakorams glaciers

A team of scientists has shown that the glaciers in one of Asias major mountain ranges are defying the general tendency towards shrinkage, and have in fact expanded slightly over the last few years. The range in 5 question is the Karakoram, which straddles Pakistan, India and China on the north-western end of the Himalayas. Glacial decline and the gradual loss of polar ice caps has been a worrying trend over recent decades, 10 but scientists have been aware of an apparently curious anomaly with the Karakoram, which contains some of the worlds biggest mountains including the second highest, K2. It has about 20,000 square kilometers of glaciers, accounting for three percent of the total area of 15 ice outside the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Now a team of French scientists has carried out a detailed survey over a large area of the range using sophisticated remote-sensing measurements. Writing in the scientific journal, Nature, they say they found that in 20 the first years of this century the Karakorams glaciers had actually expanded by a small amount, while in the neighboring Himalayas theyd been shrinking. Its unclear why this is happening, but it seems that by a quirk in the weather pattern thats not fully understood, 25 less heat is being delivered to the Karakoram and the mountains are receiving heavier falls of snow. Thickening glaciers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 21 jul. 2012. Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). The text says: ( ) Lately, the slow melting of ice rivers and polar ice caps has been a general pattern. ( ) The Karakoram range is on the border between Pakistan, India and China. ( ) The Karakoram has around two thousand square kilometers of glaciers. ( ) The Karakorams glaciers have showed this tendency towards expansion since the beginning of the twentieth century. According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

A team of scientists has shown that the glaciers in one of Asias major mountain ranges are defying the general tendency towards shrinkage, and have in fact expanded slightly over the last few years. The range in 5 question is the Karakoram, which straddles Pakistan, India and China on the north-western end of the Himalayas. Glacial decline and the gradual loss of polar ice caps has been a worrying trend over recent decades, 10 but scientists have been aware of an apparently curious anomaly with the Karakoram, which contains some of the worlds biggest mountains including the second highest, K2. It has about 20,000 square kilometers of glaciers, accounting for three percent of the total area of 15 ice outside the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Now a team of French scientists has carried out a detailed survey over a large area of the range using sophisticated remote-sensing measurements. Writing in the scientific journal, Nature, they say they found that in 20 the first years of this century the Karakorams glaciers had actually expanded by a small amount, while in the neighboring Himalayas theyd been shrinking. Its unclear why this is happening, but it seems that by a quirk in the weather pattern thats not fully understood, 25 less heat is being delivered to the Karakoram and the mountains are receiving heavier falls of snow. Thickening glaciers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 21 jul. 2012. The phenomenon with the Karakoram

A team of scientists has shown that the glaciers in one of Asias major mountain ranges are defying the general tendency towards shrinkage, and have in fact expanded slightly over the last few years. The range in 5 question is the Karakoram, which straddles Pakistan, India and China on the north-western end of the Himalayas. Glacial decline and the gradual loss of polar ice caps has been a worrying trend over recent decades, 10 but scientists have been aware of an apparently curious anomaly with the Karakoram, which contains some of the worlds biggest mountains including the second highest, K2. It has about 20,000 square kilometers of glaciers, accounting for three percent of the total area of 15 ice outside the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Now a team of French scientists has carried out a detailed survey over a large area of the range using sophisticated remote-sensing measurements. Writing in the scientific journal, Nature, they say they found that in 20 the first years of this century the Karakorams glaciers had actually expanded by a small amount, while in the neighboring Himalayas theyd been shrinking. Its unclear why this is happening, but it seems that by a quirk in the weather pattern thats not fully understood, 25 less heat is being delivered to the Karakoram and the mountains are receiving heavier falls of snow. Thickening glaciers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 21 jul. 2012. The French scientists involved in the survey mentioned in the text are using

(UEFS - 2012) Thickening glaciers A team of scientists has shown that the glaciers in one of Asias major mountain ranges are defying the general tendency towards shrinkage, and have in fact expanded slightly over the last few years. The range in 5 question is the Karakoram, which straddles Pakistan, India and China on the north-western end of the Himalayas. Glacial decline and the gradual loss of polar ice caps has been a worrying trend over recent decades, 10 but scientists have been aware of an apparently curious anomaly with the Karakoram, which contains some of the worlds biggest mountains including the second highest, K2. It has about 20,000 square kilometers of glaciers, accounting for three percent of the total area of 15 ice outside the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Now a team of French scientists has carried out a detailed survey over a large area of the range using sophisticated remote-sensing measurements. Writing in the scientific journal, Nature, they say they found that in 20 the first years of this century the Karakorams glaciers had actually expanded by a small amount, while in the neighboring Himalayas theyd been shrinking. Its unclear why this is happening, but it seems that by a quirk in the weather pattern thats not fully understood, 25 less heat is being delivered to the Karakoram and the mountains are receiving heavier falls of snow. Thickening glaciers. Disponvel em: https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/language/wordsinthenews/2012/04/120417_witn_glaciers.shtml. Acesso em: 21 jul. 2012. The only false cognate from the text is in alternative

A team of scientists has shown that the glaciers in one of Asias major mountain ranges are defying the general tendency towards shrinkage, and have in fact expanded slightly over the last few years. The range in 5 question is the Karakoram, which straddles Pakistan, India and China on the north-western end of the Himalayas. Glacial decline and the gradual loss of polar ice caps has been a worrying trend over recent decades, 10 but scientists have been aware of an apparently curious anomaly with the Karakoram, which contains some of the worlds biggest mountains including the second highest, K2. It has about 20,000 square kilometers of glaciers, accounting for three percent of the total area of 15 ice outside the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. Now a team of French scientists has carried out a detailed survey over a large area of the range using sophisticated remote-sensing measurements. Writing in the scientific journal, Nature, they say they found that in 20 the first years of this century the Karakorams glaciers had actually expanded by a small amount, while in the neighboring Himalayas theyd been shrinking. Its unclear why this is happening, but it seems that by a quirk in the weather pattern thats not fully understood, 25 less heat is being delivered to the Karakoram and the mountains are receiving heavier falls of snow. Thickening glaciers. Disponível em: . Acesso em: 21 jul. 2012. Considering language use in the text, its correct to say

TEXTO: We always think It will never happen to me, but disasters can strike, at any time, anywhere from hotel fires to train crashes to terrorist attacks. How would you cope if the unthinkable happened? 5 According to experts, people caught up in disasters tend to fall into three categories. About 10% to 15% remain calm and act quickly and efficiently. Another 15% completely panic, crying and screaming and obstructing the evacuation. But the vast majority (70%) of people do 10 very little. They are stunned and confused, says psychologist John Leach. Why is this? Research suggests that under great stress, our minds take much longer to process information. So, in a crisis, many people freeze just at 15 the moment when they need to act quickly. It also seems that personality is not a good guide to how people might react a normally decisive person may not act quickly enough in a crisis and vice versa. Most people go their entire lives without a disaster, says Michael Lindell, a 20 professor at Texas AM University. So when something bad happens, they are so shocked they just think, This cant possibly be happening to me, instead of taking action. OXENDEN, C et Latham-Koenig, C American English File 4B, p. 52 Oxford University Press. The alternative that summarizes the main idea of this text is

TEXTO: We always think It will never happen to me, but disasters can strike, at any time, anywhere from hotel fires to train crashes to terrorist attacks. How would you cope if the unthinkable happened? 5 According to experts, people caught up in disasters tend to fall into three categories. About 10% to 15% remain calm and act quickly and efficiently. Another 15% completely panic, crying and screaming and obstructing the evacuation. But the vast majority (70%) of people do 10 very little. They are stunned and confused, says psychologist John Leach. Why is this? Research suggests that under great stress, our minds take much longer to process information. So, in a crisis, many people freeze just at 15 the moment when they need to act quickly. It also seems that personality is not a good guide to how people might react a normally decisive person may not act quickly enough in a crisis and vice versa. Most people go their entire lives without a disaster, says Michael Lindell, a 20 professor at Texas AM University. So when something bad happens, they are so shocked they just think, This cant possibly be happening to me, instead of taking action. OXENDEN, C et Latham-Koenig, C American English File 4B, p. 52 Oxford University Press. Its stated in the text that, when disasters happen,

TEXTO: We always think It will never happen to me, but disasters can strike, at any time, anywhere from hotel fires to train crashes to terrorist attacks. How would you cope if the unthinkable happened? 5 According to experts, people caught up in disasters tend to fall into three categories. About 10% to 15% remain calm and act quickly and efficiently. Another 15% completely panic, crying and screaming and obstructing the evacuation. But the vast majority (70%) of people do 10 very little. They are stunned and confused, says psychologist John Leach. Why is this? Research suggests that under great stress, our minds take much longer to process information. So, in a crisis, many people freeze just at 15 the moment when they need to act quickly. It also seems that personality is not a good guide to how people might react a normally decisive person may not act quickly enough in a crisis and vice versa. Most people go their entire lives without a disaster, says Michael Lindell, a 20 professor at Texas AM University. So when something bad happens, they are so shocked they just think, This cant possibly be happening to me, instead of taking action. OXENDEN, C et Latham-Koenig, C American English File 4B, p. 52 Oxford University Press. According to Michael Lindell,

TEXTO: We always think It will never happen to me, but disasters can strike, at any time, anywhere from hotel fires to train crashes to terrorist attacks. How would you cope if the unthinkable happened? 5 According to experts, people caught up in disasters tend to fall into three categories. About 10% to 15% remain calm and act quickly and efficiently. Another 15% completely panic, crying and screaming and obstructing the evacuation. But the vast majority (70%) of people do 10 very little. They are stunned and confused, says psychologist John Leach. Why is this? Research suggests that under great stress, our minds take much longer to process information. So, in a crisis, many people freeze just at 15 the moment when they need to act quickly. It also seems that personality is not a good guide to how people might react a normally decisive person may not act quickly enough in a crisis and vice versa. Most people go their entire lives without a disaster, says Michael Lindell, a 20 professor at Texas AM University. So when something bad happens, they are so shocked they just think, This cant possibly be happening to me, instead of taking action. OXENDEN, C et Latham-Koenig, C American English File 4B, p. 52 Oxford University Press. According to the research mentioned in the text, we dont act as we should when were stressed out because our minds

TEXTO: We always think It will never happen to me, but disasters can strike, at any time, anywhere from hotel fires to train crashes to terrorist attacks. How would you cope if the unthinkable happened? 5 According to experts, people caught up in disasters tend to fall into three categories. About 10% to 15% remain calm and act quickly and efficiently. Another 15% completely panic, crying and screaming and obstructing the evacuation. But the vast majority (70%) of people do 10 very little. They are stunned and confused, says psychologist John Leach. Why is this? Research suggests that under great stress, our minds take much longer to process information. So, in a crisis, many people freeze just at 15 the moment when they need to act quickly. It also seems that personality is not a good guide to how people might react a normally decisive person may not act quickly enough in a crisis and vice versa. Most people go their entire lives without a disaster, says Michael Lindell, a 20 professor at Texas AM University. So when something bad happens, they are so shocked they just think, This cant possibly be happening to me, instead of taking action. OXENDEN, C et Latham-Koenig, C American English File 4B, p. 52 Oxford University Press. The only word or expression which is not suitably defined is

Like a black light poster come to life, a group of bioluminescent fungi collected from Ribeira Valley Tourist State Park near São Paulo, Brazil, emanates a soft green glow when the lights go out. The mushrooms are part of 5 the genus Mycena, a group that includes about 500 species worldwide. Of these only 33 are known to be bioluminescent capable of producing light through a chemical reaction. Since 2002, Cassius Stevani, professor of Chemistry 10 at the University of São Paulo, Dennis Desjardin, professor of mycology at San Francisco State University in California, and Marina Capelari of Brazils Institute of Botany have discovered 10 more bioluminescent fungi species four of which are new to science in Brazils 15 tropical forests. The work, Stevani says, has increased the number of glowers known since the 1970s by 30 percent. In addition to mushrooms, a variety of marine animals, select species of bacteria, insects, and annelids 20 (earthworms) are known to be bioluminescent. Bioluminescence creates cold light emissions with low thermal radiation. An enzyme called luciferase triggers a pigment called luciferin to oxidize, and the reaction emits light. But why the fungi evolved to glow 25 this way remains a mystery, Stevani says. To get the green glow of the new specimens of bioluminescent mushrooms, Dr Desjardin and Dr Stevani had to go out on new moon nights and stumble around in the forest, running into trees, while keeping an eye out for poisonous 30 snakes and prowling jaguars. Besides helping researchers decipher how and why mushrooms glow, Stevani is studying the bioluminescent fungis ability to signal the presence of toxins in the soil. In the lab, his team has developed a procedure that 35 shows that fungi emit less light when exposed to several metals and organic pollutants. In a near future we can use it to evaluate the toxicity of environmental samples of soil and sediments, Stevani said in an email to National Geographic News. The researcher also says 40 that the fungi could serve as a tool for bioremediation (cleanup using living organisms) of contaminated soil. New glowing mushrooms found in Brazil. Disponível em: . Acesso em: Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). About the new fungi discovered in Brazil, its true to say: ( ) They only glow when there is no light. ( ) They produce a strong dark green glow. ( ) All of them were unknown to scientists. ( ) Their discovery has made the numbers of glowers go up by thirty percent. According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

Like a black light poster come to life, a group of bioluminescent fungi collected from Ribeira Valley Tourist State Park near São Paulo, Brazil, emanates a soft green glow when the lights go out. The mushrooms are part of 5 the genus Mycena, a group that includes about 500 species worldwide. Of these only 33 are known to be bioluminescent capable of producing light through a chemical reaction. Since 2002, Cassius Stevani, professor of Chemistry 10 at the University of São Paulo, Dennis Desjardin, professor of mycology at San Francisco State University in California, and Marina Capelari of Brazils Institute of Botany have discovered 10 more bioluminescent fungi species four of which are new to science in Brazils 15 tropical forests. The work, Stevani says, has increased the number of glowers known since the 1970s by 30 percent. In addition to mushrooms, a variety of marine animals, select species of bacteria, insects, and annelids 20 (earthworms) are known to be bioluminescent. Bioluminescence creates cold light emissions with low thermal radiation. An enzyme called luciferase triggers a pigment called luciferin to oxidize, and the reaction emits light. But why the fungi evolved to glow 25 this way remains a mystery, Stevani says. To get the green glow of the new specimens of bioluminescent mushrooms, Dr Desjardin and Dr Stevani had to go out on new moon nights and stumble around in the forest, running into trees, while keeping an eye out for poisonous 30 snakes and prowling jaguars. Besides helping researchers decipher how and why mushrooms glow, Stevani is studying the bioluminescent fungis ability to signal the presence of toxins in the soil. In the lab, his team has developed a procedure that 35 shows that fungi emit less light when exposed to several metals and organic pollutants. In a near future we can use it to evaluate the toxicity of environmental samples of soil and sediments, Stevani said in an email to National Geographic News. The researcher also says 40 that the fungi could serve as a tool for bioremediation (cleanup using living organisms) of contaminated soil. New glowing mushrooms found in Brazil. Disponível em: . Acesso em: The text says that the discovery of the new Brazilian glowers

Like a black light poster come to life, a group of bioluminescent fungi collected from Ribeira Valley Tourist State Park near São Paulo, Brazil, emanates a soft green glow when the lights go out. The mushrooms are part of 5 the genus Mycena, a group that includes about 500 species worldwide. Of these only 33 are known to be bioluminescent capable of producing light through a chemical reaction. Since 2002, Cassius Stevani, professor of Chemistry 10 at the University of São Paulo, Dennis Desjardin, professor of mycology at San Francisco State University in California, and Marina Capelari of Brazils Institute of Botany have discovered 10 more bioluminescent fungi species four of which are new to science in Brazils 15 tropical forests. The work, Stevani says, has increased the number of glowers known since the 1970s by 30 percent. In addition to mushrooms, a variety of marine animals, select species of bacteria, insects, and annelids 20 (earthworms) are known to be bioluminescent. Bioluminescence creates cold light emissions with low thermal radiation. An enzyme called luciferase triggers a pigment called luciferin to oxidize, and the reaction emits light. But why the fungi evolved to glow 25 this way remains a mystery, Stevani says. To get the green glow of the new specimens of bioluminescent mushrooms, Dr Desjardin and Dr Stevani had to go out on new moon nights and stumble around in the forest, running into trees, while keeping an eye out for poisonous 30 snakes and prowling jaguars. Besides helping researchers decipher how and why mushrooms glow, Stevani is studying the bioluminescent fungis ability to signal the presence of toxins in the soil. In the lab, his team has developed a procedure that 35 shows that fungi emit less light when exposed to several metals and organic pollutants. In a near future we can use it to evaluate the toxicity of environmental samples of soil and sediments, Stevani said in an email to National Geographic News. The researcher also says 40 that the fungi could serve as a tool for bioremediation (cleanup using living organisms) of contaminated soil. New glowing mushrooms found in Brazil. Disponível em: . Acesso em: Fill in the parentheses with T (True) or F (False). The text has answers to the following questions: ( ) What does bioluminescence mean? ( ) How long ago did the researchers start looking for bioluminescent fungi in Brazil? ( ) Where did the researchers first publish their findings? ( ) When was the best time to look for the bioluminescent fungi in Brazil? ( ) What did the researchers call the new specimens of glowers found in Brazil? According to the text, the correct sequence, from top to bottom, is

Like a black light poster come to life, a group of bioluminescent fungi collected from Ribeira Valley Tourist State Park near São Paulo, Brazil, emanates a soft green glow when the lights go out. The mushrooms are part of 5 the genus Mycena, a group that includes about 500 species worldwide. Of these only 33 are known to be bioluminescent capable of producing light through a chemical reaction. Since 2002, Cassius Stevani, professor of Chemistry 10 at the University of São Paulo, Dennis Desjardin, professor of mycology at San Francisco State University in California, and Marina Capelari of Brazils Institute of Botany have discovered 10 more bioluminescent fungi species four of which are new to science in Brazils 15 tropical forests. The work, Stevani says, has increased the number of glowers known since the 1970s by 30 percent. In addition to mushrooms, a variety of marine animals, select species of bacteria, insects, and annelids 20 (earthworms) are known to be bioluminescent. Bioluminescence creates cold light emissions with low thermal radiation. An enzyme called luciferase triggers a pigment called luciferin to oxidize, and the reaction emits light. But why the fungi evolved to glow 25 this way remains a mystery, Stevani says. To get the green glow of the new specimens of bioluminescent mushrooms, Dr Desjardin and Dr Stevani had to go out on new moon nights and stumble around in the forest, running into trees, while keeping an eye out for poisonous 30 snakes and prowling jaguars. Besides helping researchers decipher how and why mushrooms glow, Stevani is studying the bioluminescent fungis ability to signal the presence of toxins in the soil. In the lab, his team has developed a procedure that 35 shows that fungi emit less light when exposed to several metals and organic pollutants. In a near future we can use it to evaluate the toxicity of environmental samples of soil and sediments, Stevani said in an email to National Geographic News. The researcher also says 40 that the fungi could serve as a tool for bioremediation (cleanup using living organisms) of contaminated soil. New glowing mushrooms found in Brazil. Disponível em: . Acesso em: the fungi could serve as a tool for bioremediation [...] of contaminated soil. (l. 40-41) This fragment of the text refers to the use of