Questões de Inglês - UNESP 2022 | Gabarito e resoluções

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 2) Examine o cartum de David Sipress, publicado no Instagram por CartoonStock, em 13.06.2021. Depreende-se da fala do mdico que seu paciente

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 1) Examine o meme publicado pela comunidade The Language Nerds em sua conta no Facebook em 07.04.2021. Para obter seu efeito de humor, o meme explora a ambiguidade do termo

(UNESP - 2022 - 2 FASE) An invigorating reading His grandparents were slaves. His father painted houses. His immigrant mother washed laundry. For a poor, mixed-race boy born in Brazil in 1839, their son had done well to become an apprentice typesetter in Rio de Janeiro. But a priest taught him Latin, and a literary agent spotted the gifted lad at the Imprensa Nacional, the government press, and soon he was contributing to newspapers, writing plays and poems and starting a literary circle. But it was as a novelist that Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis would truly shine. Machado worked as a civil servant and co-founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters; he married happily (although his Portuguese in-laws initially objected to the colour of his skin). Beneath all this outward respectability, his prose was radically ingenious. Ever since The Posthumous Memoirs of Brs Cubas, Machados fifth novel, appeared in 1881 it has astonished readers with its lordly ironies and scorn for convention. The books invigorating style, as much as its backdrop of racial and social injustice, makes it ideal reading for this morbid, insurgent summer Brs Cubas, the fictional memoirist, has just died from pneumonia. As a thwarted corpse who failed in almost everything he tried, he wants to set the record straight about his drifting life as an idle, pleasure-seeking dandy in Rio. Beneath his jaunty veneer, Cubas harbours a melancholy pessimism. He sees a freedman lash a slave he has bought to relieve his own sufferings by passing them on to someone else. Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity. Sprinkled with epigrams, dreams, gags and asides, the story teases, dances and delights. Across 160 short chapters (Long chapters suit long-winded readers), Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel. A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation (!?!). In another, the narrator acknowledges (in a new translation by Margaret Jull Costa and Robin Patterson), I have just written an utterly pointless chapter. Dave Eggers, an American author, recently called this one of the wittiest, most playful, and therefore most alive and ageless books ever written (www.economist.com, 15.08.2020. Adaptado.) The text is mainly about

(UNESP - 2022 - 2 FASE) An invigorating reading His grandparents were slaves. His father painted houses. His immigrant mother washed laundry. For a poor, mixed-race boy born in Brazil in 1839, their son had done well to become an apprentice typesetter in Rio de Janeiro. But a priest taught him Latin, and a literary agent spotted the gifted lad at the Imprensa Nacional, the government press, and soon he was contributing to newspapers, writing plays and poems and starting a literary circle. But it was as a novelist that Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis would truly shine. Machado worked as a civil servant and co-founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters; he married happily (although his Portuguese in-laws initially objected to the colour of his skin). Beneath all this outward respectability, his prose was radically ingenious. Ever since The Posthumous Memoirs of Brs Cubas, Machados fifth novel, appeared in 1881 it has astonished readers with its lordly ironies and scorn for convention. The books invigorating style, as much as its backdrop of racial and social injustice, makes it ideal reading for this morbid, insurgent summer Brs Cubas, the fictional memoirist, has just died from pneumonia. As a thwarted corpse who failed in almost everything he tried, he wants to set the record straight about his drifting life as an idle, pleasure-seeking dandy in Rio. Beneath his jaunty veneer, Cubas harbours a melancholy pessimism. He sees a freedman lash a slave he has bought to relieve his own sufferings by passing them on to someone else. Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity. Sprinkled with epigrams, dreams, gags and asides, the story teases, dances and delights. Across 160 short chapters (Long chapters suit long-winded readers), Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel. A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation (!?!). In another, the narrator acknowledges (in a new translation by Margaret Jull Costa and Robin Patterson), I have just written an utterly pointless chapter. Dave Eggers, an American author, recently called this one of the wittiest, most playful, and therefore most alive and ageless books ever written (www.economist.com, 15.08.2020. Adaptado.) According to the first paragraph, Machado de Assis started his literary career

(UNESP - 2022 - 2 FASE) An invigorating reading His grandparents were slaves. His father painted houses. His immigrant mother washed laundry. For a poor, mixed-race boy born in Brazil in 1839, their son had done well to become an apprentice typesetter in Rio de Janeiro. But a priest taught him Latin, and a literary agent spotted the gifted lad at the Imprensa Nacional, the government press, and soon he was contributing to newspapers, writing plays and poems and starting a literary circle. But it was as a novelist that Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis would truly shine. Machado worked as a civil servant and co-founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters; he married happily (although his Portuguese in-laws initially objected to the colour of his skin). Beneath all this outward respectability, his prose was radically ingenious. Ever since The Posthumous Memoirs of Brs Cubas, Machados fifth novel, appeared in 1881 it has astonished readers with its lordly ironies and scorn for convention. The books invigorating style, as much as its backdrop of racial and social injustice, makes it ideal reading for this morbid, insurgent summer Brs Cubas, the fictional memoirist, has just died from pneumonia. As a thwarted corpse who failed in almost everything he tried, he wants to set the record straight about his drifting life as an idle, pleasure-seeking dandy in Rio. Beneath his jaunty veneer, Cubas harbours a melancholy pessimism. He sees a freedman lash a slave he has bought to relieve his own sufferings by passing them on to someone else. Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity. Sprinkled with epigrams, dreams, gags and asides, the story teases, dances and delights. Across 160 short chapters (Long chapters suit long-winded readers), Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel. A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation (!?!). In another, the narrator acknowledges (in a new translation by Margaret Jull Costa and Robin Patterson), I have just written an utterly pointless chapter. Dave Eggers, an American author, recently called this one of the wittiest, most playful, and therefore most alive and ageless books ever written (www.economist.com, 15.08.2020. Adaptado.) The second paragraph states that The Posthumous Memoirs of Brs Cubas is a

(UNESP - 2022 - 2 FASE) An invigorating reading His grandparents were slaves. His father painted houses. His immigrant mother washed laundry. For a poor, mixed-race boy born in Brazil in 1839, their son had done well to become an apprentice typesetter in Rio de Janeiro. But a priest taught him Latin, and a literary agent spotted the gifted lad at the Imprensa Nacional, the government press, and soon he was contributing to newspapers, writing plays and poems and starting a literary circle. But it was as a novelist that Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis would truly shine. Machado worked as a civil servant and co-founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters; he married happily (although his Portuguese in-laws initially objected to the colour of his skin). Beneath all this outward respectability, his prose was radically ingenious. Ever since The Posthumous Memoirs of Brs Cubas, Machados fifth novel, appeared in 1881 it has astonished readers with its lordly ironies and scorn for convention. The books invigorating style, as much as its backdrop of racial and social injustice, makes it ideal reading for this morbid, insurgent summer Brs Cubas, the fictional memoirist, has just died from pneumonia. As a thwarted corpse who failed in almost everything he tried, he wants to set the record straight about his drifting life as an idle, pleasure-seeking dandy in Rio. Beneath his jaunty veneer, Cubas harbours a melancholy pessimism. He sees a freedman lash a slave he has bought to relieve his own sufferings by passing them on to someone else. Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity. Sprinkled with epigrams, dreams, gags and asides, the story teases, dances and delights. Across 160 short chapters (Long chapters suit long-winded readers), Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel. A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation (!?!). In another, the narrator acknowledges (in a new translation by Margaret Jull Costa and Robin Patterson), I have just written an utterly pointless chapter. Dave Eggers, an American author, recently called this one of the wittiest, most playful, and therefore most alive and ageless books ever written (www.economist.com, 15.08.2020. Adaptado.) No trecho do terceiro pargrafo Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity, o termo sublinhado expressa

(UNESP - 2022 - 2 FASE) An invigorating reading His grandparents were slaves. His father painted houses. His immigrant mother washed laundry. For a poor, mixed-race boy born in Brazil in 1839, their son had done well to become an apprentice typesetter in Rio de Janeiro. But a priest taught him Latin, and a literary agent spotted the gifted lad at the Imprensa Nacional, the government press, and soon he was contributing to newspapers, writing plays and poems and starting a literary circle. But it was as a novelist that Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis would truly shine. Machado worked as a civil servant and co-founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters; he married happily (although his Portuguese in-laws initially objected to the colour of his skin). Beneath all this outward respectability, his prose was radically ingenious. Ever since The Posthumous Memoirs of Brs Cubas, Machados fifth novel, appeared in 1881 it has astonished readers with its lordly ironies and scorn for convention. The books invigorating style, as much as its backdrop of racial and social injustice, makes it ideal reading for this morbid, insurgent summer Brs Cubas, the fictional memoirist, has just died from pneumonia. As a thwarted corpse who failed in almost everything he tried, he wants to set the record straight about his drifting life as an idle, pleasure-seeking dandy in Rio. Beneath his jaunty veneer, Cubas harbours a melancholy pessimism. He sees a freedman lash a slave he has bought to relieve his own sufferings by passing them on to someone else. Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity. Sprinkled with epigrams, dreams, gags and asides, the story teases, dances and delights. Across 160 short chapters (Long chapters suit long-winded readers), Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel. A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation (!?!). In another, the narrator acknowledges (in a new translation by Margaret Jull Costa and Robin Patterson), I have just written an utterly pointless chapter. Dave Eggers, an American author, recently called this one of the wittiest, most playful, and therefore most alive and ageless books ever written (www.economist.com, 15.08.2020. Adaptado.) O trecho do quarto pargrafo que exemplifica a frase Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel

(UNESP - 2022 - 2 FASE) An invigorating reading His grandparents were slaves. His father painted houses. His immigrant mother washed laundry. For a poor, mixed-race boy born in Brazil in 1839, their son had done well to become an apprentice typesetter in Rio de Janeiro. But a priest taught him Latin, and a literary agent spotted the gifted lad at the Imprensa Nacional, the government press, and soon he was contributing to newspapers, writing plays and poems and starting a literary circle. But it was as a novelist that Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis would truly shine. Machado worked as a civil servant and co-founded the Brazilian Academy of Letters; he married happily (although his Portuguese in-laws initially objected to the colour of his skin). Beneath all this outward respectability, his prose was radically ingenious. Ever since The Posthumous Memoirs of Brs Cubas, Machados fifth novel, appeared in 1881 it has astonished readers with its lordly ironies and scorn for convention. The books invigorating style, as much as its backdrop of racial and social injustice, makes it ideal reading for this morbid, insurgent summer Brs Cubas, the fictional memoirist, has just died from pneumonia. As a thwarted corpse who failed in almost everything he tried, he wants to set the record straight about his drifting life as an idle, pleasure-seeking dandy in Rio. Beneath his jaunty veneer, Cubas harbours a melancholy pessimism. He sees a freedman lash a slave he has bought to relieve his own sufferings by passing them on to someone else. Yet the novel floats free of the ambient oppression on currents of mischief and urbanity. Sprinkled with epigrams, dreams, gags and asides, the story teases, dances and delights. Across 160 short chapters (Long chapters suit long-winded readers), Machado mocks every rule of the 19th-century novel. A chapter of dialogue is written entirely in punctuation (!?!). In another, the narrator acknowledges (in a new translation by Margaret Jull Costa and Robin Patterson), I have just written an utterly pointless chapter. Dave Eggers, an American author, recently called this one of the wittiest, most playful, and therefore most alive and ageless books ever written (www.economist.com, 15.08.2020. Adaptado.) No trecho do quarto pargrafo In another, the narrator acknowledges, o termo sublinhado refere-se a

(UNESP - 2022 - 2 FASE) Leia a tira. (http://calvinandhobbesagain.files.wordpress.com. Adaptado.) O humor da tira decorre do fato de

(UNESP - 2022 - 2 FASE) Leia o quadrinho. (www.glasbergen.com) According to the context, the word actually can be replaced, without meaning change, by

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 2) Movement founded by Andr Breton in 1924, which absorbed the French Dada movement and made positive claims for methods and processes (defiance of logic, shock tactics) which Dada had used merely as a negation of conventional art. Influenced by Freud, it claimed to liberate the riches of the unconscious through the primacy of dream and the suspension of conscious control. (Edward Lucie-Smith. The Thames and Hudson Dictionary of Art Terms, 1994. Adaptado.) Uma obra representativa do movimento artstico retratado no texto est reproduzida em:

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 1) Art which is based on images of mass consumer culture. Pop art was initially regarded as a reaction from abstract expressionism because its exponents brought back figural imagery and made use of impersonal handling. It was seen as a descendant of Dada because it debunked the seriousness of the art world and embraced the use or reproduction of commonplace subjects. Comic books, advertisements, packaging, and images from television and the cinema were all part of the iconography of the movement. (Ian Chilvers e John Glaves-Smith (orgs.). Oxford Dictionary of Modern and Contemporary Art, 2009. Adaptado.) Uma obra representativa do movimento artstico retratado no texto est reproduzida em:

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 27. Water and Urbanization Urban areas are expected to absorb all of the worlds population growth over the next four decades, as well as accommodating significant rural-to-urban migration. The vast majority of these people will be living in overcrowded slums with inadequate, often non-existent, water and sanitation services. Safe drinking water systems and adequate sanitation that effectively disposes of human waste will be essential to ensure cities and towns grow sustainably. Extending these services to the millions of urbanites currently unserved will play a key role in underpinning the health and security of cities, protecting economies and ecosystems and minimising the risk of pandemics. For the first time in history, more than half of the global population live in towns and cities. By 2050, that proportion is expected to rise to two-thirds. Population growth is happening fastest in urban areas of less developed regions, with the urban population estimated to grow from 3.9 billion people today to 6.3 billion in 2050. Even though water and sanitation access rates are generally higher in urban areas than rural, planning and infrastructure have been unable to keep pace in many regions. Today, 700 million urbanites live without improved sanitation, contributing to poor health conditions and heavy pollution loads in wastewater, and 156 million live without improved water sources. However, cities provide significant opportunities for more integrated and sustainable water use and waste management. The positive impacts of these services, particularly for public health, spread rapidly and cost-effectively among densely populated unplanned settlements. Furthermore, more efficient use of water within cities and the safe reuse of more waste will put less strain on the surrounding ecosystems. (www.unwater.org. Adaptado.) According to the text,

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 1) Examine os grficos e leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 27. Educated Americans live longer, as others die younger Catching up, falling behind United States, average life expectancy at age 25 (Anne Case and Angus Deaton. Life expectancy in adulthood is falling for those without a BA degree, but as educational gaps have widened, racial gaps have narrowed. PNAS, 2021. Adaptado.) A 25-year-old American with a university degree can expect to live almost a decade longer than a contemporary who dropped out of high school. Although researchers have long known that the rich live longer than the poor, this education gap is less well documented and is especially marked in rich countries. And whereas the average Americans expected span has been flat in recent years and, strikingly, even fell between 2015 and 2017 that of the one-third with a bachelors degree has continued to lengthen. This disparity in life expectancy is growing, according to new research published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Using data from nearly 50m death certificates filed between 1990 and 2018, Anne Case and Angus Deaton of Princeton University analysed differences in life expectancy by sex, race, ethnicity and education. They found that the lifespans of those with and without a bachelors degree started to diverge in the 1990s and 2000s. Thisgap grew even wider in the 2010s as the life expectancy of degree-holders continued to rise while that of other Americans got shorter. What is the link between schooling and longevity? Some argue that better-educated people develop healthier lifestyles: each additional year of study reduces the chances of being a smoker and of being overweight. The better-educated earn more, which in turn is associated with greater health. Ms Case and Mr Deaton argue that changes in labour markets, including the rise of automation and increased demand for highly-educated workers, coupled with the rising costs of employer-provided health care, have depressed the supply of well-paid jobs for those without a degree. This may be contributing to higher rates of alcohol and drug use, suicide and other deaths of despair. (www.economist.com,17.03.2021. Adaptado.) The research the text and the graph are based on, concluded that

(UNESP - 2022 - 1 fase - DIA 2) Leia o texto para responder s questes de 21 a 27. Water and Urbanization Urban areas are expected to absorb all of the worlds population growth over the next four decades, as well as accommodating significant rural-to-urban migration. The vast majority of these people will be living in overcrowded slums with inadequate, often non-existent, water and sanitation services. Safe drinking water systems and adequate sanitation that effectively disposes of human waste will be essential to ensure cities and towns grow sustainably. Extending these services to the millions of urbanites currently unserved will play a key role in underpinning the health and security of cities, protecting economies and ecosystems and minimising the risk of pandemics. For the first time in history, more than half of the global population live in towns and cities. By 2050, that proportion is expected to rise to two-thirds. Population growth is happening fastest in urban areas of less developed regions, with the urban population estimated to grow from 3.9 billion people today to 6.3 billion in 2050. Even though water and sanitation access rates are generally higher in urban areas than rural, planning and infrastructure have been unable to keep pace in many regions. Today, 700 million urbanites live without improved sanitation, contributing to poor health conditions and heavy pollution loads in wastewater, and 156 million live without improved water sources. However, cities provide significant opportunities for more integrated and sustainable water use and waste management. The positive impacts of these services, particularly for public health, spread rapidly and cost-effectively among densely populated unplanned settlements. Furthermore, more efficient use of water within cities and the safe reuse of more waste will put less strain on the surrounding ecosystems. (www.unwater.org. Adaptado.) A fotografia e sua legenda ilustram o trecho do texto: