Questões de Inglês - UFRGS | Gabarito e resoluções

(UFRGS - 2019) Consider the use of the modal verb in the following sentence. The earliest experience of art must have been incantatory, magical. Select the alternative that best presents its negative form

(UFRGS - 2019) Obi was away in England for a little under four years. He sometimes found it difficult to believe that it was as short as that. It seemed more like a decade than four years, which [5] with the miseries of winter when his longing to return home took on the sharpness of physical pain. It was in England that Nigeria first became more than just a name to him. That was the first great thing that England did [10] for him. But the Nigeria he returned to was in many ways different from the picture he had carried in his mind during those four years. There were many things he could no longer recognize, and others like the slums of [15] Lagos which he was seeing for the first time. As a boy in the village of Umuofia, he had heard his first stories about Lagos from a soldier home .. leave from the war. Those [20] soldiers were heroes who had seen the great world. They spoke of Abyssinia, Egypt, Palestine, Burma and so on. Some of them had been village neer-do-wells, but now they were heroes. They had bags and bags of [25] money, and the villagers sat .. their feet to listen to their stories. One of them went regularly to a market in the neighbouring village and helped himself to whatever he liked. He went in full uniform, breaking the [30] earth with his boots, and no one dared touch him. It was said that if you touched a soldier, Government would deal with you. Besides, soldiers were as strong as lions because of the injections they were given .. the army. [35] It was from one of these soldiers that Obi had his first picture of Lagos. There is no darkness there, he told his admiring listeners, `because at night the electric shines like the sun, and people are [40] always walking about, that is, those who want to walk. If you dont want to walk, you only have to wave your hand and a pleasure car stops for you. His audience made sounds of wonderment. Then by way of digression he [45] said: If you see a white man, take off your hat for him. The only thing he cannot do is mould a human being. ACHEBE, Chinua. No Longer at Ease. New York / London: Everymans Library, 2010. p. 162. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta reescrita adequada, em discurso indireto, para a fraseThen by way of digression he said: If you see a white man, take off your hat for him(l. 44-46).

(UFRGS - 2019) The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has announced a new category in time for next Februarys awards ceremony: achievement in popular film. The idea is [5] that, alongside the time-honoured Best Picture category, there will be another for films which have a broader appeal: blockbusters, in other words. Ironically, the announcement has been anything but [10] popular. On social media, responses to this idea have ranged from hostile to very hostile indeed. Many feel that the once-prestigious Oscars are dumbing down to the level of the MTV Awards. Whats nextBest kiss? Loudest [15] shoot-out? Most skyscrapers flattened by aliens in a single action sequence? The concept of the Hit Oscar or the Popcorn Oscar, as it has been nicknamed, raises other questions, too. To start with, who [20] decides whether or not a film is popular? What are the criteria or thresholds? And isnt it an insult to nominees, the implicit suggestion being that hit films cant be artistic (and vice versa)? [25] The timing, too, is off. Black Panther, Marvels Afrofuturist superhero blockbuster, could well have been nominated for best picture in 2019. Indeed, it could well have won, acknowledging the superhero [30] boom as well as emphasising just how successful films with black casts and creative teams can be. But it is now likely that Black Panther will be shoved into the popular ghetto, and that the best-picture prize will go [35] to an indie drama. If so, the introduction of a new category will have helped maintain the status quo, rather than upending it. It is understandable that the Oscars organisers should want to shake up the [40] ceremonys format, bearing in mind how low its television ratings have fallen. One reason for this decline, the theory goes, is that best- picture winners are no longer the films that the great American public is queuing up to [45] see. But if hugely profitable, crowd-pleasing films arent winning best picture these days, it is not because the Academys voters are becoming more snobbish or sophisticated in [50] their tastes. It is because Hollywood has stopped making middlebrow historical epics that used to be a shoo-in. What the introduction of the popular category acknowledges is that there are now hardly [55] any studio films in the chasm between shiny comic-book movies and quirky indie experiments. The industry is producing nothing for grown-up viewers who want more scale and spectacle than they can get from a [60] low-key drama, but who dont fancy seeing people in colourful costumes firing laser beams at each other. The new division between best picture and popular picture may be ill-judged, but it [65] reflects a pre-existing dichotomy between arthouse and multiplex fare. So have pity on the poor Academy. If Hollywood studios werent quite so obsessed with superhero franchises, the Oscars might not be in this [70] mess in the first place. Adaptado de: https://www.economist.com/prospero/2018/08 /11/the-academy-announces-a-misguided-newcategory. Acesso em: 08 ago. 2018. Considere os seguintes trechos extrados do texto. I -The idea is that, alongside the timehonoured Best Picture category, there will be another for films(l. 04-07). II -It is understandable that the Oscars organisers should want to shake up the cerimonys format(l. 38-40). III-() best-picture winners are no longer the films that the great American public is queuing up to see(l. 42-45). Em quais a palavrathatpode ser tanto omitida quanto substituda porwhich?

(UFRGS - 2018) TEXTO PARA A PRXIMA QUESTO: A(s) questo(es) a seguirest(o) relacionada(s) ao texto abaixo. _____1_____ September 11, 2001, at 8:46 A.M., a hijacked airliner crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York. At 9:03 A.M. a second plane crashed into the south tower. The resulting infernos caused the buildings to collapse,1the south tower after burning for an hour and two minutes, the north tower twenty-three minutes after that.2The attacks were masterminded by Osama bin Laden in an attempt to intimidate the United States and unite Muslims for a restoration of the caliphate. 9/11, as the happenings of that day are now called, has set off debates on a vast array of topics. But I would like to explore a lesserknown debate triggered by it. Exactly how many events took place in New York on that morning _____2_____ September? 3It could be argued that the answer is one. The attacks on the two buildings were part of a single plan conceived by one man in service of a single agenda. They unfolded _____3_____ a few minutes and yards of each other, targeting the parts of a complex with a single name, design, and owner. And they launched a single chain of military and political events in their aftermath. Or it could be argued that the answer is two. The towers were distinct collections of glass and steel separated by an expanse of space, and they were hit at different times and went out of existence at different times. The amateur video that showed the second plane4closing in on the south tower as the north tower billowed with smoke makes the twoness unmistakable: while one event was frozen in the past, the other loomed in the future. The gravity of 9/11 would seem to make this discussion frivolous to the point of impudence, a matter of mere semantics, as we say, with its implication of5splitting hairs. But the relation of language to our inner and outer worlds is a matter of intellectual fascination and real-world importance. _____4_____ importance is often hard to quantify, _____5_____ this case I can put an exact value on it: 3,5 billion dollars. That was the sum in a legal dispute for the insurance payout to Larry Silverstein, the leaseholder of the World Trade Center site. Silversteins insurance policies stipulated a maximum reimbursement for each destructive event. If 9/11 comprised a single event, he stood to receive 3,5 billion dollars; if two, he stood to receive 7 billion. In the trials, the attorneys disputed the applicable meaning of the term event. The lawyers for the leaseholder defined it in physical terms (two collapses); those for the insurance companies defined it in mental terms (one plot). There is nothing mere about semantics! Adapted from: PINKER, Steven.The Stuff of Thought. New York: Penguin, 2007. p. 1-2. Consider the following propositions for rephrasing the clause it could be argued that the answer is one(ref. 3). I. One might argue that the answer is one II. You could say that the answer is one. III. They should argue that the answer is one. If applied to the text, which ones would be correct and keep the literal meaning?

(UFRGS - 2018) TEXTO PARA A PRXIMA QUESTO: A(s) questo(es) a seguir est(o) relacionada(s) ao texto abaixo. _____1_____ September 11, 2001, at 8:46 A.M., a hijacked airliner crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York. At 9:03 A.M. a second plane crashed into the south tower. The resulting infernos caused the buildings to collapse, 1the south tower after burning for an hour and two minutes, the north tower twenty-three minutes after that. 2The attacks were masterminded by Osama bin Laden in an attempt to intimidate the United States and unite Muslims for a restoration of the caliphate. 9/11, as the happenings of that day are now called, has set off debates on a vast array of topics. But I would like to explore a lesserknown debate triggered by it. Exactly how many events took place in New York on that morning _____2_____ September? 3It could be argued that the answer is one. The attacks on the two buildings were part of a single plan conceived by one man in service of a single agenda. They unfolded _____3_____ a few minutes and yards of each other, targeting the parts of a complex with a single name, design, and owner. And they launched a single chain of military and political events in their aftermath. Or it could be argued that the answer is two. The towers were distinct collections of glass and steel separated by an expanse of space, and they were hit at different times and went out of existence at different times. The amateur video that showed the second plane 4closing in on the south tower as the north tower billowed with smoke makes the twoness unmistakable: while one event was frozen in the past, the other loomed in the future. The gravity of 9/11 would seem to make this discussion frivolous to the point of impudence, a matter of mere semantics, as we say, with its implication of 5splitting hairs. But the relation of language to our inner and outer worlds is a matter of intellectual fascination and real-world importance. _____4_____ importance is often hard to quantify, _____5_____ this case I can put an exact value on it: 3,5 billion dollars. That was the sum in a legal dispute for the insurance payout to Larry Silverstein, the leaseholder of the World Trade Center site. Silversteins insurance policies stipulated a maximum reimbursement for each destructive event. If 9/11 comprised a single event, he stood to receive 3,5 billion dollars; if two, he stood to receive 7 billion. In the trials, the attorneys disputed the applicable meaning of the term event. The lawyers for the leaseholder defined it in physical terms (two collapses); those for the insurance companies defined it in mental terms (one plot). There is nothing mere about semantics! Adapted from: PINKER, Steven. The Stuff of Thought. New York: Penguin, 2007. p. 1-2. Consider the following propostitions for rephrasing the fragment of the sentencethe south tower after burning for an hour and two minutes(ref. 1) I. the south tower lower after having been burning for an hour and two minutes II. the south tower after it ws burning for an hour and two minutes III. the south tower after it had been burning for an hour and two minutes If applied to the text, which ones would be correct and keep the literal meaning?

(UFRGS - 2018) TEXTO PARA A PRXIMA QUESTO: A(s) questo(es) a seguir est(o) relacionada(s) ao texto abaixo. _____1_____ September 11, 2001, at 8:46 A.M., a hijacked airliner crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center in New York. At 9:03 A.M. a second plane crashed into the south tower. The resulting infernos caused the buildings to collapse, 1the south tower after burning for an hour and two minutes, the north tower twenty-three minutes after that. 2The attacks were masterminded by Osama bin Laden in an attempt to intimidate the United States and unite Muslims for a restoration of the caliphate. 9/11, as the happenings of that day are now called, has set off debates on a vast array of topics. But I would like to explore a lesserknown debate triggered by it. Exactly how many events took place in New York on that morning _____2_____ September? 3It could be argued that the answer is one. The attacks on the two buildings were part of a single plan conceived by one man in service of a single agenda. They unfolded _____3_____ a few minutes and yards of each other, targeting the parts of a complex with a single name, design, and owner. And they launched a single chain of military and political events in their aftermath. Or it could be argued that the answer is two. The towers were distinct collections of glass and steel separated by an expanse of space, and they were hit at different times and went out of existence at different times. The amateur video that showed the second plane 4closing in on the south tower as the north tower billowed with smoke makes the twoness unmistakable: while one event was frozen in the past, the other loomed in the future. The gravity of 9/11 would seem to make this discussion frivolous to the point of impudence, a matter of mere semantics, as we say, with its implication of 5splitting hairs. But the relation of language to our inner and outer worlds is a matter of intellectual fascination and real-world importance. _____4_____ importance is often hard to quantify, _____5_____ this case I can put an exact value on it: 3,5 billion dollars. That was the sum in a legal dispute for the insurance payout to Larry Silverstein, the leaseholder of the World Trade Center site. Silversteins insurance policies stipulated a maximum reimbursement for each destructive event. If 9/11 comprised a single event, he stood to receive 3,5 billion dollars; if two, he stood to receive 7 billion. In the trials, the attorneys disputed the applicable meaning of the term event. The lawyers for the leaseholder defined it in physical terms (two collapses); those for the insurance companies defined it in mental terms (one plot). There is nothing mere about semantics! Adapted from: PINKER, Steven. The Stuff of Thought. New York: Penguin, 2007. p. 1-2. Consider the following propositions for rephrasing the sentence The attacks were masterminded by Osama bin Laden in an attempt to intimidate the United States and unite Muslims for a restoration of the caliphate (ref. 2). I. Attempting to intimidate the United States and unite Muslims for a restoration of the caliphate, Osama bin Laden has masterminded the attacks. II. Osama bin Laden masterminded the attacks in an attempt to intimidate the United States and unite Muslims for a restoration of the caliphate. III. In an attempt to intimidate the United States and unite Muslims for a restoration of the caliphate, the attacks have been masterminded by Osama bin Laden. If applied to the text, which ones would be correct and keep the literal meaning?

(UFRGS - 2018) TEXTO PARA A PRXIMA QUESTO: A(s) questo(es) a seguir est(o) relacionada(s) ao texto abaixo. So here I am, upside down in a woman. Arms patiently crossed, waiting, waiting and wondering who Im in, 1what Im in for. My eyes close nostalgically when I remember how I once drifted in my translucent body bag, floated dreamily in the bubble of my thoughts through my 2private ocean in slowmotion somersaults, colliding gently against the 3transparent bounds of my confinement, the confiding membrane that vibrated with, even as it muffled, the voices of conspirators in a 4vile enterprise. That was in my careless youth. Now, fully inverted, not an inch of space to myself, knees crammed against belly, my thoughts as well as my head are fully engaged. Ive no choice, my ear is pressed all day and night against the 5bloody walls. I listen, make mental notes, and Im troubled. Im hearing pillow talk of deadly intent and Im terrified by what awaits me, by what might 6draw me in. Im immersed in abstractions, and only the proliferating relations between them create the illusion of a known world. When I hear blue, which Ive never seen, I imagine some kind of mental event thats fairly close to greenwhich Ive never seen. I count myself an innocent, 7unburdened by allegiances and obligations, a free spirit, despite my 8meagre living room. No one to contradict or reprimand me, no name or previous address, no religion, no debts, no enemies. My appointment diary, if it existed, notes only my forthcoming birthday. I am, or I was, despite what the geneticists are now saying, a blank slate. 9But a slippery, porous slate no school-room or cottage roof could find use for, a slate that writes upon itself as it grows by the day and becomes less blank. I count myself an innocent, but it seems Im party to a plot. My mother, bless her 10unceasing, loudly squelching heart, seems to be involved. In: McEWAN, Ian. Nutshell: a novel. New York: Nan A. Talese / Doubleday, 2016. p. 1-2. O segmento draw me in (ref. 6), como empregado no texto, poderia ser substitudo por

(Ufrgs 2018) The complex linguistic universe of Game of Thrones Game of Thrones has 1garnered 38 Emmy awards for its portrayal of a world of sex, violence and politics so real that some viewers could imagine moving there. Part of that detail has been the creation of the richest linguistic universe since J.R.R. Tolkiens Middle Earth. In the field of language-creation for fictional worlds, there is Tolkien, and there is everybody else. But David Peterson, the language-smith of Game of Thrones , comes a close second for the amount of thought put into its two languages, Dothraki and Valyrian. The interest in these tongues is such that a textbook for learning Dothraki has been published, while Duolingo, a popular online language-learning platform, now offers a course in High Valyrian. Inspired by fictional languages such as those in the Star Wars films and with a masters degree in linguistics, Peterson made Dothraki and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible. Creating words is the easy part; anyone can string together nonsense syllables. But Peterson, like Tolkien, took the trouble to give his words etymologies and cousins, so that the word for feud is related to the words blood and fight. To make the languages pronounceable but clearly foreign, he put non-English sounds in high-frequency words (like khaleesi , or queen), put the stress in typically non-English places, and had words begin with combinations of sounds that are impossible in English, like hr . 2Armed with a knowledge of common linguistic sound changes, he gives his languages the kinds of irregularities and disorder that arise in the real world: High Valyrians obar (curve) becomes Astapori Valyrians uvor . Words meaningsas in real lifedrift, too, giving the system more realistic messiness. Languages also play a prominent role in the storyline. Dothraki is the guttural language of a horse-borne warrior nation, but high-born Daenerys Targaryen does not 3look down on it; 4methodically learning it is key to her rise. Tyrion Lannister is left to administer the city of Mereen despite his 5ropy command of Valyrian, leading to some comic moments. And a prophecy of a future hero acquires new meaning when an interpreter explains that the word in question is ambiguous in Valyrianit could be prince or princess. It might seem odd that a highly sexist society like the one of Game of Thrones would have languages where sex roles were not clearly marked, but languages are not always perfect vehicles for a culture. Random change can leave them with too many words for one concept, and not enough for another. In this way, the flawed nature of language reflects the 6foibles of flawed humans and the imperfect worlds they 7strive to create. Adaptado de: https://www.economist.com/news/books-andarts/21725752-dothraki-and-valyrian-are-mostconvincing-fictional-tongues-elvish. Acesso em: 21 nov. 2017. Considere as possibilidades de reescrita do segment: Inspired by fictional languages such as those in the Star Wars films, Peterson made Dothraki and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible. I. Peterson, inspired by fictional languages such as those in the Star Wars films, made Dothraki and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible. II. Being as rich and realistic as possible, Peterson made Dothraki and Valyrian inspired by fictional languages such as those in the Star Wars films. III. Fictional languages in the Star Wars films inspired Peterson to make Dothraki and Valyrian as rich and realistic as possible. Quais poderiam substituir o segmento destacado, sem prejuízo do sentido original e da correção gramatical?

(Ufrgs 2015) The study of game 13aesthetics is a very recent practice, spanning less than two 7decades. Unlike game studies in 4mathematics or the social sciences, 1_________ are much older, games became subject to humanistic study only after computer and video games became popular. This lack of persistent interest might seem 15odd, but only if we see traditional games and computer games as intrinsically similar, 2_________ 19they are not. We might try to explain this lack by noting that games are usually seen as trivial and 16lowbrow by the aesthetic and theoretical elites 3__________ cultivate the 5analysis of artistic 14media objects: literature, the visual arts, theatre, music, etc. But this does not explain the fact that aesthetic studies of games are now not only possible, but even encouraged and supported with funding. What happened to cause this change? A possible explanation could be that digital games, unlike traditional games or sports, consist of non-ephemeral content (stored words, sounds and images), which 8places them much closer to the ideal object of the 9Humanities, the work of art. Thus, they become visible and textualizable for 29the aesthetic observer, in a way the 6previous 10phenomena were not. However, 21this sudden visibility, probably also caused by the tremendous economic and cultural 12success of computer games, produces 26certain blind spots in the aesthetic observer, especially if 18he/she is trained in textual/visual analysis, as is usually the case. Instead of treating 22the new phenomena carefully, and as 24objects of 30a study for which no methodology yet exists, they are analyzed with tools that happen to be at hand, such as 27film or narrative theories. Therefore 28we need to outline and promote 23a methodology for 25the aesthetic study of games, 20which, 31given the current 17nascent state of the field, 32will doubtlessly give way to more sophisticated 11approaches in the years to come. Adapted from: Aarseth, Espen. Playing Research: Methodological approaches to game analysis. Available at: http://hypertext.rmit.edu.au/dac/ papers/Aarseth.pdf. Accessed on July 26th, 2014. Select the alternative that could adequately replace given (ref. 31) without altering the literal meaning of the sentence.

(Ufrgs 2015) The study of game 13aesthetics is a very recent practice, spanning less than two 7decades. Unlike game studies in 4mathematics or the social sciences, 1_________ are much older, games became subject to humanistic study only after computer and video games became popular. This lack of persistent interest might seem 15odd, but only if we see traditional games and computer games as intrinsically similar, 2_________ 19they are not. We might try to explain this lack by noting that games are usually seen as trivial and 16lowbrow by the aesthetic and theoretical elites 3__________ cultivate the 5analysis of artistic 14media objects: literature, the visual arts, theatre, music, etc. But this does not explain the fact that aesthetic studies of games are now not only possible, but even encouraged and supported with funding. What happened to cause this change? A possible explanation could be that digital games, unlike traditional games or sports, consist of non-ephemeral content (stored words, sounds and images), which 8places them much closer to the ideal object of the 9Humanities, the work of art. Thus, they become visible and textualizable for 29the aesthetic observer, in a way the 6previous 10phenomena were not. However, 21this sudden visibility, probably also caused by the tremendous economic and cultural 12success of computer games, produces 26certain blind spots in the aesthetic observer, especially if 18he/she is trained in textual/visual analysis, as is usually the case. Instead of treating 22the new phenomena carefully, and as 24objects of 30a study for which no methodology yet exists, they are analyzed with tools that happen to be at hand, such as 27film or narrative theories. Therefore 28we need to outline and promote 23a methodology for 25the aesthetic study of games, 20which, 31given the current 17nascent state of the field, 32will doubtlessly give way to more sophisticated 11approaches in the years to come. Adapted from: Aarseth, Espen. Playing Research: Methodological approaches to game analysis. Available at: http://hypertext.rmit.edu.au/dac/ papers/Aarseth.pdf. Accessed on July 26th, 2014. Consider the following alternative writings to the clause a study for which no methodology yet exists (ref. 30). I. a study that lacks a tailored methodology II. a study devoid of a specific methodology III. a study whose proper methodology still does not exist Which could adequately replace the original clause without altering the literal meaning of the sentence?

(Ufrgs 2015) The study of game 13aesthetics is a very recent practice, spanning less than two 7decades. Unlike game studies in 4mathematics or the social sciences, 1_________ are much older, games became subject to humanistic study only after computer and video games became popular. This lack of persistent interest might seem 15odd, but only if we see traditional games and computer games as intrinsically similar, 2_________ 19they are not. We might try to explain this lack by noting that games are usually seen as trivial and 16lowbrow by the aesthetic and theoretical elites 3__________ cultivate the 5analysis of artistic 14media objects: literature, the visual arts, theatre, music, etc. But this does not explain the fact that aesthetic studies of games are now not only possible, but even encouraged and supported with funding. What happened to cause this change? A possible explanation could be that digital games, unlike traditional games or sports, consist of non-ephemeral content (stored words, sounds and images), which 8places them much closer to the ideal object of the 9Humanities, the work of art. Thus, they become visible and textualizable for 29the aesthetic observer, in a way the 6previous 10phenomena were not. However, 21this sudden visibility, probably also caused by the tremendous economic and cultural 12success of computer games, produces 26certain blind spots in the aesthetic observer, especially if 18he/she is trained in textual/visual analysis, as is usually the case. Instead of treating 22the new phenomena carefully, and as 24objects of 30a study for which no methodology yet exists, they are analyzed with tools that happen to be at hand, such as 27film or narrative theories. Therefore 28we need to outline and promote 23a methodology for 25the aesthetic study of games, 20which, 31given the current 17nascent state of the field, 32will doubtlessly give way to more sophisticated 11approaches in the years to come. Adapted from: Aarseth, Espen. Playing Research: Methodological approaches to game analysis. Available at: http://hypertext.rmit.edu.au/dac/ papers/Aarseth.pdf. Accessed on July 26th, 2014. Select the alternative that adequately fills in the blanks in references 1, 2 and 3.

(UFRGS - 2015) The Road Not Taken Two roads diverged in a yellow wood And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could 3To where it bent in the undergrowth; 4Then look the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and 2wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, 6I doubted if I should ever come back. 5I shall be telling this with a 1sigh Somewhere ages and ages 7hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I I took the one less traveled by, 9And that has made all the difference. Adaptado de: FROST, Robert. The road not taken.Disponvel em: https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poem/173536. Acesso em: 08 set. 2014. Assinale o fragmento de frase que apresenta a mesma estrutura gramatical do ttulo do poema.

(UFRGS -2015) The study of game13aesthetics is a very recent practice, spanning less than two7decades. Unlike game studies in4mathematics or the social sciences,1_________ are much older, games became subject to humanistic study only after computer and video games became popular. This lack of persistent interest might seem15odd, but only if we see traditional games and computer games as intrinsically similar,2_________19they are not. We might try to explain this lack by noting that games are usually seen as trivial and16lowbrow by the aesthetic and theoretical elites3__________ cultivate the5analysis of artistic14media objects: literature, the visual arts, theatre, music, etc. But this does not explain the fact that aesthetic studies of games are now not only possible, but even encouraged and supported with funding. What happened to cause this change? A possible explanation could be that digital games, unlike traditional games or sports, consist of non-ephemeral content (stored words, sounds and images), which8places them much closer to the ideal object of the9Humanities, the work of art. Thus, they become visible and textualizable for29the aesthetic observer, in a way the6previous10phenomena were not. However,21this sudden visibility, probably also caused by the tremendous economic and cultural12success of computer games, produces26certain blind spots in the aesthetic observer, especially if18he/she is trained in textual/visual analysis, as is usually the case. Instead of treating22the new phenomena carefully, and as24objects of30a study for which no methodology yet exists, they are analyzed with tools that happen to be at hand, such as27film or narrative theories. Therefore28we need to outline and promote23a methodology for25the aesthetic study of games,20which,31given the current17nascent state of the field,32will doubtlessly give way to more sophisticated11approaches in the years to come. Adapted from: Aarseth, Espen.Playing Research: Methodological approaches to game analysis.Available at: http://hypertext.rmit.edu.au/dac/ papers/Aarseth.pdf. Accessed on July 26th, 2014. Select the alternative which presents only nouns in their plural forms.

(UFRGS - 2014) Britain has met the heir who will certainly change the face of monarchy for ever. Kate and Williams son enters this world as a Royal Highness, destined to be king of his country. Though his mother is a Duchess, the title1__________ disguise the fact that there has never been a royal child quite like Kates. For while William descends from a line of monarchs, this baby boys maternal grandparents5once worked for British Airways and now run their own company. This new prince will become the first British monarch with working-class blood running through his veins. Monarchy these days is a precarious business, and increasingly hard to justify not only in terms of the funds taxpayers donate to the Crown, but in a wider world in which royal families seem ever more anachronistic. This baby has arrived at a time of profound social change and evolution 2__________ is why I believe a royal child with middle-class antecedents can provide the social alchemy that will secure the future of the House of Windsor. William and Kate, a modern couple, lived together quite openly for several years before their marriage, a6sensible decision7condoned by the Queen, which4__________ been seen as unthinkable less than a decade earlier. This was after prince Charles had moved in with his divorced former mistress, Camila Parker Bowles, a situation that would have been equally unacceptable a few years ago. All this evidences a rapidly evolving monarchy. Who would have suspected that the Queen would have been seen8pretending to parachute into the Olympic stadium with James Bond? And who3__________ predict how far this process of evolution will have travelled by the time the new prince reaches the throne? From the pit to the Palace in three generations? Surely it is the perfect fairytale for a nation that grows more middle-class9by the year. Adaptado de: THORTON, Michael. A very middle class baby who will secure the future of the royal family.Daily Mail. 22 jul 2013. Disponvel em: http://www. dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2374279/Kate-Middletongives-birth-middle-class-Royal-baby-boy-securemonarchys-future.html. Acesso em: 06 set. 2013. Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a lacuna na referncia 4

(UFRGS -2014) I am happy to join (1)__________ you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. In the process (2)__________ gaining our rightful place we must not be guilty of wrongful deeds. Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom (3)__________ drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred. We must forever conduct our struggle on the high plane of dignity and discipline. We must not allow our creative protest to degenerate into physical violence. (4) The marvelous new militancy which has engulfed the (15) Negro community must not lead us to distrust of (8) all white people, for (13) many of our white brothers, as evidenced by (5) their presence here today, have come to realize that their destiny is tied up with our destiny and their freedom is (17) inextricably bound to our freedom. We cannot walk alone. I have a (9) dream that one day (11) this nation will rise up and 18live out the true (16) meaning of (6) its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. (19) This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. When we allow (10) freedom to (12) ring, when we let (7) it ring from every state and every city, we will speed up that (14) day when all of Gods children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will join hands and sing the old Negro spiritual, Free at last! free at last! thank God Almighty, we are free at last! Adaptado de: LUTHER KING JR., Martin. I have a dream. Disponvel em: http://www.archives.gov/press/exhibits/dream-speech.pdf.Acesso em: 06 set. 2013. Considere o segmento a seguir: This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a reescrita mais adequada do segmento acima, em discurso indireto,