Questões - UFPR 2017 | Gabarito e resoluções

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once theyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) Consider the following numbers: 2.7 million new clean energy cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016. 40,000 of British deaths yearly are said to be caused by pollution related diseases. Car industry in Britain is cautious about having specific dates for banning internal combustion energy cars because it supports over 800.000 jobs in the UK. Mark the correct alternative.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) No es fcil encontrar una profesin u oficio que a uno le apasione y mucho menos conseguir trabajo de eso. Berenice Quiroga, 23 aos, tiene clara la primera parte: sabe que le gusta actuar y dirigir y se prepar para eso en la facultad. Sin embargo, por ahora es empleada en un negocio de ropa. Como ella, hay muchsimos. El estudio de Adecco Argentina revel que el 19,7% dice que su empleo es excelente. En tanto, el 48,8% se encuentra en una zona gris y se limita a afirmar que trabaja en un buen lugar. Por ltimo, para el 31,4% su empleo es regular o malo. Entre los jvenes, otro relevamiento indic que el 31% est trabajando de lo que le gusta, el 54% no encontr lo que quera y el 15% restante sigue desocupado, segn precis a Clarn Esther Parietti, directora de Adecco. Cuanto ms calificada est una persona, mayores sern sus chances de elegir de qu trabajar, afirma Ariel Vzquez. Por esto, considera que la gente con menos capacitacin es la que, con ms frecuencia, est empleada en algo que no le gusta. Aunque siempre hay excepciones: hay algunos rubros saturados, con muchos recibidos y pocos puestos disponibles, como ocurre con abogaca o periodismo. Para Vzquez, al 80% de las personas no les gusta su empleo. Y animarse a cambiar es un lujo que no todos pueden darse. Los jvenes, ms si estn calificados, tienden a rotar. Con el correr de los aos, los empleados suelen volverse ms conservadores porque tienen miedo de perder la estabilidad laboral, resume Vzquez. Otro de los problemas, segn Cristina Mejas, es que mucha gente agarra cualquier trabajo porque no tiene claro qu es lo que realmente le apasiona. Terminan sus estudios sin una orientacin clara y cuando se ubican laboralmente es difcil que decidan moverse, explica Mejas. La eleccin del trabajo tambin se encuentra condicionada por la variable salarial, dice Bernardo Hidalgo, al analizar por qu la mayora de las personas no tienen el trabajo que quieren. Hay gente que prioriza un buen sueldo y, en esta lnea, resigna trabajar de lo que le gusta, sostiene el experto, que remarca que si bien hay excepciones ya que depende de la oferta y demanda en cada rubro, las posibilidades de decidir sobre un trabajo son menores cuando hay un desempleo importante. Martn Padulla dice que no contar con un trabajo formal, algo que le ocurre a 4 de cada 10 argentinos, es otra razn por la que la gente no est satisfecha por ms que su empleo se relacione con lo que estudi. Y agrega: Fuera del marco legal, la persona no puede proyectarse. En los jvenes, el trabajo informal llega a 6 de cada 10. (Disponible en: https://www.clarin.com/sociedad/) Con base en el texto, considera los siguientes motivos: No frecuentar los estudios universitarios. Garantizar un trabajo en tiempos de desempleo. Priorizar lo que va a cobrar ante el placer de lo que hace. No saber qu es lo que realmente le gusta hacer. Entre los motivos que llevan a las personas a mantenerse en un trabajo que no les satisface estn:

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once theyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) According to the text, choose the correct alternative.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) No es fcil encontrar una profesin u oficio que a uno le apasione y mucho menos conseguir trabajo de eso. Berenice Quiroga, 23 aos, tiene clara la primera parte: sabe que le gusta actuar y dirigir y se prepar para eso en la facultad. Sin embargo, por ahora es empleada en un negocio de ropa. Como ella, hay muchsimos. El estudio de Adecco Argentina revel que el 19,7% dice que su empleo es excelente. En tanto, el 48,8% se encuentra en una zona gris y se limita a afirmar que trabaja en un buen lugar. Por ltimo, para el 31,4% su empleo es regular o malo. Entre los jvenes, otro relevamiento indic que el 31% est trabajando de lo que le gusta, el 54% no encontr lo que quera y el 15% restante sigue desocupado, segn precis a Clarn Esther Parietti, directora de Adecco. Cuanto ms calificada est una persona, mayores sern sus chances de elegir de qu trabajar, afirma Ariel Vzquez. Por esto, considera que la gente con menos capacitacin es la que, con ms frecuencia, est empleada en algo que no le gusta. Aunque siempre hay excepciones: hay algunos rubros saturados, con muchos recibidos y pocos puestos disponibles, como ocurre con abogaca o periodismo. Para Vzquez, al 80% de las personas no les gusta su empleo. Y animarse a cambiar es un lujo que no todos pueden darse. Los jvenes, ms si estn calificados, tienden a rotar. Con el correr de los aos, los empleados suelen volverse ms conservadores porque tienen miedo de perder la estabilidad laboral, resume Vzquez. Otro de los problemas, segn Cristina Mejas, es que mucha gente agarra cualquier trabajo porque no tiene claro qu es lo que realmente le apasiona. Terminan sus estudios sin una orientacin clara y cuando se ubican laboralmente es difcil que decidan moverse, explica Mejas. La eleccin del trabajo tambin se encuentra condicionada por la variable salarial, dice Bernardo Hidalgo, al analizar por qu la mayora de las personas no tienen el trabajo que quieren. Hay gente que prioriza un buen sueldo y, en esta lnea, resigna trabajar de lo que le gusta, sostiene el experto, que remarca que si bien hay excepciones ya que depende de la oferta y demanda en cada rubro, las posibilidades de decidir sobre un trabajo son menores cuando hay un desempleo importante. Martn Padulla dice que no contar con un trabajo formal, algo que le ocurre a 4 de cada 10 argentinos, es otra razn por la que la gente no est satisfecha por ms que su empleo se relacione con lo que estudi. Y agrega: Fuera del marco legal, la persona no puede proyectarse. En los jvenes, el trabajo informal llega a 6 de cada 10. (Disponible en: https://www.clarin.com/sociedad/) - La relacin de los jvenes con el mercado laboral est marcada por:

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, makingitthe second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, buttheyonly accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point oncetheyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. Weare quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) The main idea of the text is related to:

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) No es fcil encontrar una profesin u oficio que a uno le apasione y mucho menos conseguir trabajo de eso. Berenice Quiroga, 23 aos, tiene clara la primera parte: sabe que le gusta actuar y dirigir y se prepar para eso en la facultad. Sin embargo, por ahora es empleada en un negocio de ropa. Como ella, hay muchsimos. El estudio de Adecco Argentina revel que el 19,7% dice que su empleo es excelente. En tanto, el 48,8% se encuentra en una zona gris y se limita a afirmar que trabaja en un buen lugar. Por ltimo, para el 31,4% su empleo es regular o malo. Entre los jvenes, otro relevamiento indic que el 31% est trabajando de lo que le gusta, el 54% no encontr lo que quera y el 15% restante sigue desocupado, segn precis a Clarn Esther Parietti, directora de Adecco. Cuanto ms calificada est una persona, mayores sern sus chances de elegir de qu trabajar, afirma Ariel Vzquez. Por esto, considera que la gente con menos capacitacin es la que, con ms frecuencia, est empleada en algo que no le gusta. Aunque siempre hay excepciones: hay algunos rubros saturados, con muchos recibidos y pocos puestos disponibles, como ocurre con abogaca o periodismo. Para Vzquez, al 80% de las personas no les gusta su empleo. Y animarse a cambiar es un lujo que no todos pueden darse. Los jvenes, ms si estn calificados, tienden a rotar. Con el correr de los aos, los empleados suelen volverse ms conservadores porque tienen miedo de perder la estabilidad laboral, resume Vzquez. Otro de los problemas, segn Cristina Mejas, es que mucha gente agarra cualquier trabajo porque no tiene claro qu es lo que realmente le apasiona. Terminan sus estudios sin una orientacin clara y cuando se ubican laboralmente es difcil que decidan moverse, explica Mejas. La eleccin del trabajo tambin se encuentra condicionada por la variable salarial, dice Bernardo Hidalgo, al analizar por qu la mayora de las personas no tienen el trabajo que quieren. Hay gente que prioriza un buen sueldo y, en esta lnea, resigna trabajar de lo que le gusta, sostiene el experto, que remarca que si bien hay excepciones ya que depende de la oferta y demanda en cada rubro, las posibilidades de decidir sobre un trabajo son menores cuando hay un desempleo importante. Martn Padulla dice que no contar con un trabajo formal, algo que le ocurre a 4 de cada 10 argentinos, es otra razn por la que la gente no est satisfecha por ms que su empleo se relacione con lo que estudi. Y agrega: Fuera del marco legal, la persona no puede proyectarse. En los jvenes, el trabajo informal llega a 6 de cada 10. (Disponible en: https://www.clarin.com/sociedad/) La alternativa que mejor y ms ampliamente puede servir de ttulo al artculo es:

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once theyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) Com base no texto, considere as seguintes afirmativas: No primeiro pargrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (it) refere-se ao Reino Unido. No segundo pargrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (they) refere-se a electric, fuel cell and pug-in hybrid cars. No terceiro pargrafo, a palavra em negrito e sublinhada (they) refere-se a conventional vehicles. No oitavo pargrafo, a palavra we em negrito e sublinhada refere-se ao governo da Frana. Assinale a alternativa correta.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Segn las informaciones que aparecen en el texto, es correcto afirmar que Mingote ejerce la profesin de:

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Britain bans gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 Britain will ban sales of new gasoline and diesel cars starting in 2040 as part of a bid to clean up the countrys air. The decision to phase out the internal combustion engine heralds a new era of low-emission technologies with major implications for the auto industry, society and the environment. We cant carry on with diesel and petrol cars, U.K. environment secretary Michael Gove told the BBC on Wednesday. There is no alternative to embracing new technology. Almost 2.7 million new cars were registered in the U.K. in 2016, making it the second biggest market in Europe after Germany. Meeting the 2040 deadline will be a heavy lift. British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Still, experts say sales of clean cars are likely to continue on their dramatic upward trajectory. The car industry says that demand for electric vehicles will only reach a tipping point once theyre cheaper to own than conventional vehicles. The deadline was announced by the government on Wednesday as part of a plan to reduce air pollution. The blueprint highlighted roughly 1.4 billion in government investment designed to help ensure that every vehicle on the road in Britain produces zero emissions by 2050. Gove said action was needed because gasoline and diesel engines contribute to health problems, accelerate climate change, do damage to the planet and the next generation. Roughly 40,000 deaths in Britain each year are attributable to outdoor air pollution, according to a study published last year by the Royal College of Physicians. Dirty air has been linked to cancer, asthma, stroke and heart disease, among other health issues. The problem is especially pronounced in big cities. London surpassed the European Unions annual limit for nitrogen dioxide exposure just five days into the new year, according to Kings College. The university estimates that air pollution is responsible for 9,400 premature deaths in the city every year. The timeline for ending sales of internal combustion engines mirrors one proposed in early July by France. President Emmanuel Macron has given the auto industry the same deadline to make the switch to cleaner tech. We are quite rightly in a position of global leadership when it comes to shaping new technology, Gove said. But the auto industry, which supports over 800,000 jobs in the U.K., is wary of hard deadlines. Other countries have been even more ambitious than the U.K. India is planning to stop selling gas-powered vehicles by 2030. The German car industry and government officials will meet in early August to discuss the future of diesel engine technology.Manufacturers are trying to avoid diesel cars being banned from German towns and cities. (Disponvel: http://money.cnn.com/2017/07/26/news/uk-bans-gasoline-diesel-engines-2040/index.html. Adaptado. Acesso: 26 de julho de 2017.) Consider the following excerpt taken from the text: British demand for electric and fuel cell cars, as well as plug-in hybrids, grew 40% in 2015, but they only accounted for less than 3% of the market. Choose the alternative that conveys the same meaning of the excerpt above.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Al decir que no se le ocurre nada sobre la esclavitud, el autor:

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) A falta de vitaminas pode causar doenas chamadas avitaminoses, cujos sintomas dependem do tipo de vitamina que est deficiente. Em um estudo realizado em diferentes populaes humanas, foram constatados os seguintes sintomas e doenas relacionados a avitaminoses: (1) raquitismo (2) escorbuto (3) hemorragias (4) cegueira noturna. Assinale a alternativa com a dieta correta para o tratamento de cada uma das quatro avitaminoses acima identificadas.

(UFPR - 2017 - 1 FASE) Uma coruja caa durante a noite e captura um morcego. Ambos so capturados por uma rede armada por pesquisadores. Aps anlise cuidadosa da coruja e do morcego, os pesquisadores encontraram, sob as penas da coruja, caros e piolhos, e sob os pelos do morcego, moscas hematfagas. As interaes interespecficas entre a coruja e o morcego, entre os caros e os piolhos e entre as moscas hematfagas e o morcego so denominadas, respectivamente: