Questões - ITA 2018 | Gabarito e resoluções

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Considere as seguintes proposies: I. Massa crtica representa a massa mnima de um nucldeo fssil em um determinado volume necessria para manter uma reao em cadeia. II. Reaes nucleares em cadeia referem-se a processos nos quais eltrons liberados na fisso produzem nova fisso em, no mnimo, um outro ncleo. III. Os ncleos de 226Rapodem sofrer decaimentos radioativos consecutivos at atingirem a massa de 206(chumbo), adquirindo estabilidade. Das proposies acima, est(o) CORRETA(S)

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Considere dadas as constantes de dissociao cida (Ka) ou bsica (Kb) das seguintes substncias, a 25 C: fenol (C6H5OH), Ka= 1 x1010 e anilina (C6H5NH2), Kb = 7 x1010. Sobre o pH de solues aquosas dessas substncias so feitas as seguintes afirmaes: I. A soluo aquosa de fenol a 1 x104 mol L1 tem pH 5. II. A soluo aquosa de anilina a 1 x104 mol L1 tem pH 9. III. Ambas as solues aquosas a 1 x104 mol L1 tm pH aproximadamente iguais. Das afirmaes acima est(o) CORRETA(S)

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Um recipiente de paredes adiabticas e de volume constante contm duas amostras de gua pura separadas por uma parede tambm adiabtica e de volume desprezvel. Uma das amostras consiste em 54 gde gua a 25Ce, a outra, em 126 ga 75 CConsidere que a parede que separa as amostras retirada e que as amostras de gua se misturam at atingir o equilbrio. Sobre esse processo so feitas as seguintes afirmaes: I. A temperatura da mistura no equilbrio de 323 K II. A variao de entalpia no processo nula. III. A variao de energia interna no processo nula. IV. A variao de entropia no processo nula. Assinale a opo que apresenta a(s) afirmao(es) CORRETA(S) sobre a mistura das amostras de gua.

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Considere as proposies a seguir. I. O alceno C6H12apresenta cinco ismeros. II. Existem trs diferentes compostos com a frmula C2H2Cl2 III. Existem quatro diferentes teres com a frmula C4H10O IV. O trimetilbenzeno tem trs ismeros estruturais. Das proposies acima esto CORRETAS

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Deseja-se aquecer 586 gde gua pura da temperatura ambiente at 91 Cem presso ambiente. Utilizando um forno de micro-ondas convencional que emite radiao eletromagntica com frequncia de 2,45 GHze considerando a capacidade calorfica da gua constante e igual a 4,18 J g-1 C-1assinale a alternativa que apresenta o nmero aproximado de ftons necessrio para realizar este aquecimento. Dados: constante de Planck (h) =6,63 x 10-34 J.s

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) O perclorato de amnio (PA) um dos componentes mais utilizados em propelentes de foguetes. Para aperfeioar seu desempenho, hidrognio pode ser utilizado como aditivo. Considere dadas as entalpias de combusto destas espcies: Hc,PA= -189 kJ mol-1;Hc,H2= -286 kJ mol-1 Com base nessas informaes, assinale a opo que apresenta a equao linear da variao da entalpia de combusto da mistura de PAcom H2em funo da quantidade de H2

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Em temperatura ambiente, adicionou-se uma poro de cido clordrico 6 mol L1a uma soluo aquosa contendo os ons metlicos Co2+, Cu2+, Hg22+e Pb2+. Assinale a opo que apresenta os ons metlicos que no foram precipitados.

(ITA- 2018 - 2 FASE)

(ITA - 2018 - 1 FASE) Numa quadra de volei de 18 mde comprimento, com rede de 2,24 m de altura, uma atleta solitria faz um saque com a bola bem em cima da linha de fundo, a 3,0 mde altura, num ngulo de 15 com a horizontal, conforme a figura, com trajetria num plano perpendicular rede. Desprezando o atrito, pode-se dizer que, com 12 m/sde velocidade inicial, a bola

(ITA - 2018 - 1 FASE) So feitas as seguintes proposies a respeito da produo de biocombustveis: I. A hidrlise cida de triacilgliceris a etapa final na produo do biodiesel. II. Etanol comumente produzido por processo de fermentao, o qual gera CO2como subproduto. III. Na sntese do bioquerosene, podem ser utilizados cidos graxos com cadeias lineares ou cclicas, saturadas ou insaturadas. Das proposies acima, est(o) CORRETA(S)

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Sobre indicadores de pH, ERRADO afirmar que

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Considere as seguintes semirreaes de oxirreduo e seus respectivos potenciais padro na escala do eletrodo padro de hidrognio (EPH) Assinale a opo que apresenta a afirmao ERRADA sobre uma clula eletroqumica em que a semirreao I ocorre no anodo e a semirreao II, no catodo.

(ITA - 2018 - 1 Fase) Um dado material slido em equilbrio trmico emite radiao semelhante a de um corpo negro. Assinale a opo que apresenta a curva que expressa a relao experimental CORRETA entre o comprimento de onda do mximo de emisso e a temperatura desse material.

(ITA - 2018 - 1 FASE) Sejamenmeros inteiros positivos. Seeso, nessa ordem, termos consecutivos de uma progresso geomtrica de razoe o termo independente de igual a 7920, ento+

(ITA - 2018 - 1 FASE) GOODBYE THINGS, HELLO MINIMALISM: 1CAN LIVING WITH LESS MAKE YOU HAPPIER? Fumio Sasaki owns a roll-up mattress, three shirts and four pairs of socks. After deciding to scorn possessions, he began feeling happier. He explains why. Let me tell you a bit about myself. Im 35 years old, male, single, never been married. I work as an editor at a publishing company. I recently moved from the Nakameguro neighbourhood in Tokyo, where I lived for a decade, to a neighbourhood called Fudomae in a different part of town. 2The rent is cheaper, but the move pretty much wiped out my savings. Some of you may think that Im a loser: an unmarried adult with not much money. The old me would have been way too embarrassed to admit all this. I was filled with useless pride. But I honestly dont care about things like that any more. The reason is very simple: Im perfectly happy just as I am. The reason? I got rid of most of my material possessions. Minimalism is a lifestyle in which 3you reduce your possessions to the least possible. Living with only the bare essentials has not only provided superficial benefits such as the pleasure of a tidy room or the simple ease of cleaning, 4it has also led to a more fundamental shift. Its given me a chance to think about what it really means to be happy. We think that 5the more we have, the happier we will be. 6We never know what tomorrow might bring, so we collect and save as much as we can. This means we need a lot of money, so we gradually start judging people by how much money they have. You convince yourself that you need to make a lot of money so you dont miss out on success. And for you to make money, you need everyone else to spend their money. And so it goes. So I said goodbye to a lot of things, many of which Id had for years. And yet now I live each day with a happier spirit. 7I feel more content now than I ever did in the past. I wasnt always a minimalist. I used to buy a lot of things, believing that all those possessions would increase my self-worth and lead to a happier life. I loved collecting a lot of useless stuff, and I couldnt throw anything away. I was a natural hoarder of knick-knacks that I thought made me an interesting person. At the same time, though, I was always comparing myself with other people who had more or better things, 8which often made me miserable. I couldnt focus on anything, and I was always wasting time. Alcohol was my escape, and I didnt treat women fairly. I didnt try to change; I thought this was all just part of who I was, and I deserved to be unhappy. My apartment wasnt horribly messy; if my girlfriend was coming over for the weekend, I could do enough tidying up to make it look presentable. On a usual day, however, there were books stacked everywhere because there wasnt enough room on my bookshelves. Most I had thumbed through once or twice, thinking that 9I would read them when I had the time. The closet was crammed with what used to be my favorite clothes, most of which Id only worn a few times. The room was filled with all the things Id taken up as hobbies and then gotten tired of. A guitar and amplifier, covered with dust. Conversational English workbooks Id planned to study once I had more free time. Even a fabulous antique camera, 10which of course I had never once put a roll of film in. 11It may sound as if Im exaggerating when I say I started to become a new person. Someone said to me: All you did is throw things away, which is true. 12But by having fewer things around, Ive started feeling happier each day. Im slowly beginning to understand what happiness is. If you are anything like I used to be miserable, constantly comparing yourself with others, or just believing your life sucks 13I think you should try saying goodbye to some of your things. [] Everyone wants to be happy. But trying to buy happiness only makes us happy for a little while. Fonte: adaptado de https://www.theguardian.com/books/2017/apr/12/goodbye-things-hello-minimalism-can-living-with-lessmake-you-happier. Acesso em: 21 mai. 2017. De acordo com o texto, Fumio