(UFU - 2021 - 1 fase)Prisons have very serious hea

(UFU - 2021 - 1ª fase) Prisons have very serious health implications. Prisoners are likely to have existing health problems on entry to prison, as they are predominantly from poorly educated and socio-economically deprived sectors of the general population, with minimal access to adequate health services. Their health conditions deteriorate in prisons which are overcrowded, where nutrition is poor, sanitation inadequate and access to fresh air and exercise often unavailable. Psychiatric disorders, HIV infection, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C, sexually transmitted diseases, skin diseases, malaria, malnutrition, diarrhea and injuries including self-mutilation are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in prison. In countries with a high prevalence of TB in the outside community, prevalence of TB can be up to 100 times higher inside the prisons. In most countries HIV infection in prisons is significantly higher than within the population outside prison, especially where drug addiction and risk behaviors are prevalent. Prison staff are also vulnerable to most of the diseases of which prisoners are at risk. Prisons are not isolated from the society and prison health is public health. The vast majority of people committed to prison eventually return to the wider society. Thus, it is not in vain that prisons have been referred to as reservoirs of disease in various contexts.

Disponível em: <https://www.unodc.org/>. Acesso em: 30 maio 2021.

According to this text on public health consequences of imprisonment, we can say that

I. prisoners predominantly get diseases such as tuberculosis when they enter the prisons.

II. poverty is considered to be the main reason why prisoners get health problems in prisons.

III. data on imprisonment have shown that drug addiction is associated with HIV infection.

IV. public health data have shown staff with fairly high levels of infection caught at work in prisons.

V. imprisonment impacts public health once most prisoners are vulnerable and return to society.

Assinale a alternativa que apresenta as afirmativas corretas.