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Text 3 Climate of conspiracy: A meta-analysis of the consequences of belief in conspiracy theories about climate change By Mikey Biddlestone, Flavio Azevedo, Sander van der Linden 1 Despite widespread scientific consensus on climate change, conspiracy theories about its causes and consequences are flourishing. In response, psychological research has started to investigate the consequences of espousing conspiracy beliefs about climate change. Although some scholars maintain that the evidence for a causal link between belief in conspiracy theories and behavior remains elusive, others have argued that climate 5 change conspiracy theories undermine pro-climate action. Overall, we find clear evidence that climate conspiracy beliefs have moderate-to-large negative correlations with not only acceptance of (climate) science, trust, and pro-environmental concern, but also with behavioural intentions and policy support. Most of these effects were not moderated by design (experimental vs. correlational), political ideology, or prior conspiracy beliefs. After a meta-analysis we find clear evidence that climate change conspiracy beliefs correlate with a host of concerning 10 societal outcomes, including lower acceptance of (climate) science, distrust, lower concern for the environment, and also lower intentions to take action and support pro-environmental policies. An important open question concerns the direction of causality. Although it is possibleand perhaps likelythat people who are skeptical of climate change are more likely to endorse conspiracy theories about global warming, we can also expect that people who are exposed to climate change conspiracy theories become more skeptical and are less likely to 15 take pro-environmental action. In one of the included experiments, people were less likely to sign a petition to counter climate change following exposure to a conspiracy theory about global warming. At the same time, we note that the number of experiments included in the analysis was unbalanced and relatively low compared to the number of correlational designs, which is likely a reflection of the larger literature: most studies do not provide an experimental test of whether exposure to conspiracy theories causes people to disengage from science and 20 politics. Interestingly, our moderation analyses generally did not find that the observed effect sizes were impacted by study design, with the exception of pro-environmental policy-support. Moreover, although publication bias was present in many caseswhich is somewhat expected considering our exclusion of the grey literaturethe bias-corrected meta-analytic effect sizes were similar to those obtained in the main analyses. Nonetheless, given the fact that only a few experimental studies were available for each outcome variable, we feel that it 25 is premature to make any firm conclusions about the overall absence of moderation effects based on study design. In fact, it is interesting that in the case of policy support, data from the only experimental study did not corrobate the correlational evidence. In all likelihood, both causal pathways are possible and potentially mutually reinforcing so that people with skeptical prior attitudes might seek out conspiracy theories about climate change, whilst those exposed to conspiracy theories also become more skeptical about the issue. Consistent with long 30 standing political polarization on the issue of climate change at both elite and mass publics levelsat least in the United Statesa large body of work has supported an asymmetrical relationship, such that the endorsement of climate change conspiracy theories appears stronger on the political right. Although conservative ideology itself had a strong positive meta-analytic correlation with belief in climate conspiracies (r = 0.45), it is interesting to note that the effect sizes were not reliably moderated by political orientation for any of the outcome measures. 35 Similarly, we do not find evidence of reliable moderation effects for prior conspiracy beliefs. In addition, contrary to evidence which suggests that climate denial is uniquely prevalent in the United States, the effect-sizes were not moderated by country in our meta-analysis. However, we note that the overwhelming majority of studies (86%) and participants (96%) were US-based. Although some interventionssuch as highlighting scientific consensus and psychological inoculation have 40 shown promise in combatting conspiracy beliefs, considering that in many countries almost a third of the population endorses the belief that climate change is hoax, future research should urgently evaluate how to counter public belief in climate change conspiracy theories. We note, in many cases, the need to gather more data (from non-WEIRD samples), and the presence of publication bias and effect size heterogeneity. Adapted from: Climate of conspiracy: A meta-analysis of the consequences of belief in conspiracy theories about climate change in: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352250X22001099 [Accessed on March 10th, 2023]. The word Although (line 3 - Text 3) can be replaced without changing the meaning of the sentence by:

Identifique a orao ou perodo do texto 1 no qual predomina o valor dissertativo-argumentativo:

Em relao ao fragmento Meu estado de paixo puxava um novo lustro quela terra em runas. (texto 1, linhas 29 e 30), a alternativa que melhor explicita a regra para o emprego do acento grave em aquela :

Text 1 Why we should eat less meat Eating less meat is good for the planet, good(21)animals, and good for(22)health. Its not all or(23). While adopting a vegan or vegetarian diet is commendable, it(24)not be possible for everyone. The current demand for animal protein (meat, dairy, and eggs) is unsustainable. It enforces the(25)for intensive farming methods,(26)animals are inhumanely caged in small spaces that restrict their natural behaviours, selectively bred to grow(27)and pumped full of antibiotics unnecessarily. Of the 70+ billion animals farmed globally(28)year, an estimated 50 billion of them will spend their entire lives on these factory farms where(29)like commodities. A substantial reduction in animal protein consumption across the globe(30)free up land and other resources, making room for higher welfare, more sustainable production systems, that would benefit both the animals and humans. Factory farming fuels climate change, pollutes landscapes and waterways, and wastefully uses precious resources. Animal agriculture is estimated to account for nearly 15% of global greenhouse gas emissions,(31)more than all the cars, planes, and other forms of transport put together. Decreasing the demand for animal products will help conserve water, save vital habitats, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and help conserve our Earth. Industrial animal agriculture is the(32)largest driver of habitat loss and deforestation worldwide. Adapted from: World Animal Protection in: https://www.worldanimalprotection.ca/news/why-we-should-eat-lessmeat [Accessed on March 06th, 2023].

Considere o esboo parcial da Tabela Peridica representado abaixo. Sabe-se que um ction trivalente apresenta o seguinte diagrama de preenchimento orbital: O elemento qumico correspondente a esse ction o:

AS TRES LEIS DA ROBOTICA 1- Um robno pode ferir um ser humano ou, por omissoo, permitir que um ser humano sofra algum mal. 2 - Um robdeve obedecer as ordens que lhe sejam dadas por seres humanos, exceto nos casos em que tais ordens contrariem a Primeira Lei. 3 - Um robo deve proteger sua prpria existncia, desde que tal proteco no entre em conflito com a Primeira e a Segunda Leis. (MANUAL DE ROBOTICA 56 Edio, 2058 A.D). Isaac Asimov. Eu, Robo. 2 Edio em portugus. Agosto de 1969 Traduo de Luiz Horcio da Matta. No contexto de defesa, em um campo de batalha, por exemplo, centenas de drones operarao integrados com robs e mquinas terrestres sob a coordenao de uma mesma unidade de Inteligncia Artificial. Sua capacidade de compreenso e reao a repentinas mudanastpicas dos conflitos sera de tal monta que tornaras capacidades cognitivas humanas obsoletas nesta esfera. MONITOR MERCANTIL. Revoluo tecnolgica militar e a inteligncia artificial. 7/10/2020. Disponvel em: https://monitormercantil.com.br/34a85ba7/. https://www.tribunaribeirao.com.br/site/charge-11-de-fevereiro-de-2023/ A Inteligncia Artificial, em simbiose com os humanos, tem sido utilizada como agente de mediao de conflitos no mbito da burocracia judiciaria. Se faz necessrio destacar que a mediaoe um mtodo consensual que tem como objetivo solucionar conflitos e despertar no outro alteridade e empatia por meio da facilitao do dilogo entre os envolvidos no conflito (Inteligncia Artificial e a resoluo de conflitos de relao continuada. Salo do Conhecimento. UNIJU. 2020. Inteligncia Artificial: a nova fronteira da Cincia brasileira. Texto modificado. Disponvel em: https://publicacoeseventos.unijui.edu.br/index.php/salaoconhecimento/article/view/18672/17406. Inteligncia artificial e robtica esto entre os temas mais debatidos atualmente, que tem motivado uma defesa apaixonada ou prognsticos sombrios, enquanto se difunde em vrios aspectos da vida social e da economia. Foi ate estabelecido um abaixo-assinado cujos signatrios, dentre os quais figuram cientistas e especialistas na rea, como Elon Musk, exigem que as empresas e organizaes estabeleam uma moratria de seis meses em que nose permita acesso a instrumentos mais poderosos que o ChatGPT4. Tendo em vista esse cenrio, utilizando os textos abordados nessa prova, redija um texto dissertativo-argumentativo, respondendo a seguinte questo: quais os possveis desdobramentos positivos e negativos da Inteligncia Artificial no futuro da humanidade? Em sua escrita, atente para as seguintes observaes: 1. Considere a norma culta da lngua portuguesa. Eventuais equvocos morfossintticos, erros de regncia, concordncia, coeso e coerncia, bem como desvios da grafia vigente e a no observncia das regras de acentuao sero penalizados; 2. O texto devera ter entre 25 (vinte e cinco) a 30 (trinta) linhas escritas tinta azul. A produoo de textoDEVERser realizada no CADERNO DE SOLUES; 3. Nao copie nem faa parfrases de nenhuma parte dos textos apresentados neste exame, seja da prova de portugus ou da prova de ingls.

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Considere os versos destacados em negrito do texto 2: Com relao aos versos destacados, a alternativa correta :

Sob a influncia de ideias existencialistas, buscando exprimir, no plano lingustico, a ideia do vazio espiritual de uma poca em crise, o poeta, no texto 2, utiliza um lxicosugestivo da descrenae desiluso. Assinale o item que ilustra este procedimento estilstico:

Com relao aos compostos de interesse bioqumico abaixo, a alternativa INCORRETA :

Quanto ao texto 1 e 2 apresentados, considere as seguintes assertivas: I. O texto 1 e modernista em razodo uso objetivo e conciso da linguagem, empregando diversos recursos conotativos, sob a influncia da prosa neorrealista. II. O texto 2 mostra um eu lricomarcado pela interrogaoexistencial e filosficasobre as grandes questesde seu tempo, a par de estruturas mtricas fundadas na tradioparnasiana. III. O texto 1 provem de uma obra pujante ancorada na fbulae no mito moambicano, transfigurando as realidades traumticas da guerra por meio do realismo mgico. Est(o) correta(s) apenas a(s) assertiva(s):

Nos versos Teus ombros suportam o mundo / e ele no pesa mais que a mode uma criana (linhas 14 e 15), a relaoque atribui fora poticaao fragmento estabelecida pela contraposio das expresses:

Sobre o excerto do texto 2: Chegou um tempo em que no adianta morrer. Chegou um tempo em que a vida e uma ordem. A vida apenas, sem mistificao. (linhas 21 a 23) O valor semntico do vocbulo sublinhado mistificao se aproxima de: