Questões - UNESP | Gabarito e resoluções

(UNESP - 2011/2 - 2 FASE) A questo toma por base um poema deMrio Faustino (1930-1962) e um fragmento do artigo Viagem ao dio dos irmos siameses, publicado na Folha de S.Paulo pelo jornalista Clvis Rossi (1943-). Estava l Aquiles, que abraava Estava l Aquiles, que abraava Enfim Heitor, secreto personagem Do sonho que na tenda o torturava; Estava l Saul, tendo por pajem Davi, que ao som da ctara cantava; E estavam l seteiros que pensavam Sebastio e as chagas que o mataram. Nesse jardim, quantos as mos deixavam Levar aos lbios que os atraioaram! Era a cidade exata, aberta, clara: Estava l o arcanjo incendiado Sentado aos ps de quem desafiara; E estava l um deus crucificado Beijando uma vez mais o enforcado. (Mrio Faustino. Poesia de Mrio Faustino. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Civilizao Brasileira, 1966, p. 85.) Viagem ao dio dos irmos siameses O sangue mais recente a correr no conflito entre israelenses e palestinos apareceu perto da cidade de Hebron, na terafeira, dia em que foram assassinados quatro judeus que moravam em um assentamento prximo. Visitar Hebron como colocar sob uma lupa as razes do conflito e do comportamento das duas tribos. Fiz duas incurses pela cidade que tem forte carga mstica e histrica e por isso mesmo explosiva. Reproduzo o relato publicado pela Folha no dia 21 de janeiro de 1996, ano da primeira eleio palestina (janeiro) e de importante eleio em Israel (abril), para pr a lupa ao alcance do leitor: Segue-se o texto na ntegra: uma nica pessoa, cultuada por muulmanos e por judeus. Chama-se Avraham (Abrao, para os judeus) ou Ibrahimi (para os muulmanos) ou Al Khalil er Rahman, Amigo do Senhor. No tmulo, no entanto, Abrao/Ibrahimi so dois. O sepulcro fica na mesquita de Ibrahimi, em Hebron (35 km ao sul de Jerusalm), ou, como preferem os judeus, na caverna de Machpel. Foi l, ao lado do tmulo, que, em fevereiro de 1994, um mdico judeu fantico, Baruch Goldstein, entrou atirando contra muulmanos que oravam. Matou 29. A partir de ento, as autoridades israelenses dividiram em duas partes a mesquita/caverna. Uma entrada reservada s para judeus. A outra, para muulmanos ou no-judeus em geral. Cada um chega por seu lado tumba de Abrao/Ibrahimi. Cada um v de um ngulo diferente o sepulcro coberto por uma tapearia em que se l, em rabe: Esta a tumba do profeta Ibrahimi, que descanse em paz. No descansou nos sculos que se seguiram, e sua histria acaba sendo a sntese da histria de Israel e dos palestinos. So irmos siameses, que amam odiar-se, condenados a conviver no mesmo corpo de 89 351 km2(pouco mais de 1% do territrio brasileiro). Ou, como prefere o mais conhecido escritor israelense, Amos Oz, um pacifista: O conflito entre israelenses e palestinos um conflito entre um direito e outro direito: eles tm direito aos territrios porque seus antepassados os haviam habitado faz 1 300 anos; ns temos direito aos territrios porque nossos antepassados os habitam h milhares de anos e no temos outra ptria. Por isso, Oz sugere dividir os territrios. No existe outra sada ao crculo de violncia. A eleio palestina faz parte do processo de diviso dos siameses, inevitavelmente dolorosa e de resultado incerto como qualquer cirurgia de grande porte. (...) A julgar pela disposio das duas partes, Abrao/Ibrahimi continuaro sendo dois na tumba da mesquita/caverna. (...) (Clvis Rossi. Folha Online, 02.09.2010.) No tmulo, no entanto, Abrao/Ibrahimi so dois. A concordncia do predicativo no plural destaca, com expressividade, um fato abordado com bastante nfase pelo jornalista no artigo. Aponte esse fato.

(UNESP - 2011 - 1 FASE) [Na Idade Mdia] Homens e mulheres gostavam muito de festas. Isso vinha, geralmente, tanto das velhas tradies pags (...), quanto da liturgia crist. (Jacques Le Goff. A Idade Mdia explicada aos meus filhos, 2007.) Sobre essas festas medievais, podemos dizer que

(UNESP - 2011/2 - 1a fase) Com o crescimento comercial, na Baixa Idade Mdia, a Europa atravessou perodos de pnico coletivo, provocados por manifestaes endmicas ou epidmicas da peste bubnica e de outras doenas, como tifo, varola, gripe pulmonar e disenteria. A disseminao de vrias dessas doenas era facilitada, entre outros motivos, pela

(UNESP - 2011/2 - 1a fase) O fim ltimo, causa final e desgnio dos homens (...), ao introduzir aquela restrio sobre si mesmos sob a qual os vemos viver nos Estados, o cuidado com sua prpria conservao e com uma vida mais satisfeita. Quer dizer, o desejo de sair daquela msera condio de guerra que a consequncia necessria (...) das paixes naturais dos homens, quando no h um poder visvel capaz de os manter em respeito, forando-os, por medo do castigo, ao cumprimento de seus pactos (...). (Thomas Hobbes. Leviat, 1651. In: Os pensadores, 1983.) De acordo com o texto,

(UNESP - 2011 - 2 FASE)I Have a Dream - Address at March on Washington Martin Luther King August 28, 1963. Washington, D.C. I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self evident: that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sitdown together at a table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state, sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governors lips are presently dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers. I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together. This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. (http://www.mlkonline.net/dream.html. Adaptado.) Existem no texto dois trechos que indicam claramente as ideias de que todos os seres humanos tm direitos iguais, e que, futuramente, no haver distino entre o que as pessoas podero realizar. Transcreva, em sua resposta, esses dois trechos em ingls e aponte, em portugus, duas coisas que as pessoas podero realizar juntas.

(UNESP - 2011 - 1 FASE) Entre as formas de resistncia negra escravido, durante o perodo colonial brasileiro, podemos citar

(UNESP - 2011/2 - 2 FASE) Leia o texto para responder, em portugus, questo. Bob Marley: Life and Legacy Bob Marley was a hero figure, in the classic mythological sense. His departure from this planet came at a point when his vision of One World, One Love inspired by his belief in Rastafari was beginning to be heard and felt. () Bobs story is that of an archetype, which is why it continues to have such a powerful and ever-growing resonance: it embodies political repression, metaphysical and artistic insights, gangland warfare and various periods of mystical wilderness. And his audience continues to widen: to westerners Bobs apocalyptic truths prove inspirational and life-changing; in the Third World his impact goes much further. Not just among Jamaicans, but also the Hopi Indians of New Mexico and the Maoris of New Zealand, in Indonesia and India, and especially in those parts of West Africa from which slaves were plucked and taken to the New World, Bob is seen as a redeemer figure returning to lead this. () The tiny Third World country of Jamaica has produced an artist who has transcended all categories, classes, and creeds through a combination of innate modesty and profound wisdom. Bob Marley, the Natural Mystic, may yet prove to be the most significant musical artist of the twentieth century. () (www.bobmarley.com/life_and_legacy.php) De acordo com o ltimo pargrafo do texto, Bob Marley pode ser considerado o compositor e msico mais marcante do sculo vinte (the most significant musical artist of the twentieth century). Indique dois, dentre os vrios argumentos apresentados no texto, que justifiquem essa concluso.

(UNESP - 2011 - 2 FASE)I Have a Dream - Address at March on Washington Martin Luther King August 28, 1963. Washington, D.C. I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self evident: that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sitdown together at a table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a desert state, sweltering with the heat of injustice and oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream that one day the state of Alabama, whose governors lips are presently dripping with the words of interposition and nullification, will be transformed into a situation where little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls and walk together as sisters and brothers. I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight, and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together. This is our hope. This is the faith with which I return to the South. With this faith we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day. (http://www.mlkonline.net/dream.html. Adaptado.) Explique, em portugus, na conotao do texto e de acordo com a mensagem expressa no discurso de Martin Luther King, a oposio entre os termos a desert state e an oasis (4. pargrafo).

(UNESP - 2011/2 - 2 FASE) Leia o texto para responder, em portugus, questo. Bob Marley: Life and Legacy Bob Marley was a hero figure, in the classic mythological sense. His departure from this planet came at a point when his vision of One World, One Love inspired by his belief in Rastafari was beginning to be heard and felt. () Bobs story is that of an archetype, which is why it continues to have such a powerful and ever-growing resonance: it embodies political repression, metaphysical and artistic insights, gangland warfare and various periods of mystical wilderness. And his audience continues to widen: to westerners Bobs apocalyptic truths prove inspirational and life-changing; in the Third World his impact goes much further. Not just among Jamaicans, but also the Hopi Indians of New Mexico and the Maoris of New Zealand, in Indonesia and India, and especially in those parts of West Africa from which slaves were plucked and taken to the New World, Bob is seen as a redeemer figure returning to lead this. () The tiny Third World country of Jamaica has produced an artist who has transcended all categories, classes, and creeds through a combination of innate modesty and profound wisdom. Bob Marley, the Natural Mystic, may yet prove to be the most significant musical artist of the twentieth century. () (www.bobmarley.com/life_and_legacy.php) D os significados, no texto, das seguintes palavras e expresses: departure from this planet, to widen, slaves were plucked e profound wisdom.

(UNESP - 2011 - 1 FASE) Artigo 5. O comrcio de mercadorias inglesas proibido, e qualquer mercadoria pertencente Inglaterra, ou proveniente de suas fbricas e de suas colnias declarada boa presa. (...) Artigo 7. Nenhuma embarcao vinda diretamente da Inglaterra ou das colnias inglesas, ou l tendo estado, desde a publicao do presente decreto, ser recebida em porto algum. Artigo 8. Qualquer embarcao que, por meio de uma declarao, transgredir a disposio acima, ser apresada e o navio e sua carga sero confiscados como se fossem propriedade inglesa. (Excerto do Bloqueio Continental, Napoleo Bonaparte. Citado por Ktia M. de Queirs Mattoso. Textos e documentos para o estudo da histria contempornea (1789-1963), 1977.) Esses artigos do Bloqueio Continental, decretado pelo Imperador da Frana em 1806, permitem notar a disposio francesa de

(UNESP - 2011/2 - 1a fase) Entre as caractersticas da sociedade da regio das Minas Gerais no perodo da extrao de ouro, no sculo XVIII, podemos citar:

(UNESP- 2011 - 2 FASE) Trecho de uma entrevista com Omen, um conhecido grafiteiro residente da cidade de Montreal, no Canad. Interviewer: Who are you and what are you doing later today? Omen: Erm I write OMEN and I dont know what I am going to do today. The weather seems to be my only enemy these days. Interviewer: Whens the last time you painted? Omen: I painted the other day at a school in Point St-Charles. Options 2 its called. Its a school for children that need special guidance. Their lives have been messed up by drugs and guns and all that stuff. I was there to show them fundamentals of Graff like can control and what tips to use. It was pretty cool. Interviewer: Whats your favorite medium? Omen: Well, to paint with? I love aerosol. Love it. There is nothing more demanding and yet forgiving as far as mediums. The dry time, the size, the variety, the randomness, its all gold. I mean you can bust a huge piece and then say, nahhh. and take it out in less than a minute and start again cuz it will already be dry. A real medium of the future. Interviewer: What do you think is the importance of architecture in everyday life and does graffiti influence architecture in any way? Omen: Architecture is an awesome field of study and it greatly influenced my life for many years. The reality of it is that it is an insulated discussion between architect and city and/or Private developer. The public rarely has a say in matters. This is unfortunate because it is the public that will be forced to look at the unchanging design of an architect for the duration of our lifetimes and if it is unappealing one; then that is a real tragedy. (www.yveslaroche.com/en/news. Adaptado.) Que tipo de escola Omen declarou na entrevista que grafitou recentemente e o que ele relatou sobre os alunos dessa escola?

(UNESP - 2011 - 1 FASE)A Guerra do Paraguai (1864-1870) foi definida, por alguns historiadores, como um momento de apogeu do Imprio brasileiro. Outros preferiram consider-la como uma demonstrao de seu declnio. Tal discordncia se justifica porque o conflito sul-americano

(UNESP - 2011/2 - 2 FASE) Leia a letra da msica para responder, em portugus, a questo. One Love (Bob Marley) One Love, one heart Lets get together and feel all right Hear the children crying (One love) Hear the children crying (One heart) Sayin, Give thanks and praise to the Lord and I will feel all right Sayin, Lets get together and feel all right Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa Let them all pass all their dirty remarks (One love) There is one question Id really love to ask (One heart) Is there a place for the hopeless sinner Who has hurt all mankind just to save his own? Believe me One Love, one heart Lets get together and feel all right As it was in the beginning (One love) So shall it be in the end (One heart) Alright, Give thanks and praise to the Lord and I will feel all right Lets get together and feel all right. One more thing Lets get together to fight this Holy Armageddon (One love) So when the Man comes there will be no, no doom (One song) Have pity on those whose chances grow thinner There aint no hiding place from the Father of Creation Sayin, One love, one heart Lets get together and feel all right. Im pleading to mankind (One love) Oh Lord (One heart) Whoa. Give thanks and praise to the Lord and I will feel all right. Lets get together and feel all right (www.lyrics007.com) Explique o significado do verso Have pity on those whose chances grow thinner no contexto da letra de One Love. A quem se refere a palavra those, e por que se afirma, sobre essas pessoas, que chances grow thinner?

(UNESP - 2011/2 - 1a fase) A tela de Rodolfo Amoedo mostra a morte de Aimber, lder da Confederao dos Tamoios (1554-1567), revolta indgena contra a escravizao. A pintura foi realizada mais de trs sculos depois e pode ser entendida como um esforo de